Download 7.3.4 Foreign Contacts during Tang Yuan and Ming

Do Now: Open or Closed Door Policy?
• Mr. Booms recently moved to a new neighborhood. He is
debating whether to have an open-door policy or a closeddoor policy toward his neighbors.
• If he has an open-door policy, he will invite the neighbors to
parties, ask for and perform favors for them, and borrow from
and lend things to them. If he has a closed-door policy, he
won’t do any of these things.
• Complete the T-chart below.
Reasons to have an OPEN DOOR POLICY
Reasons to have a CLOSED DOOR POLICY
China’s Foreign Policy
SWBAT describe China’s foreign
contacts during the Tang Dynasty.
Did the Qin Dynasty welcome
or reject foreigners?
We should
reject
foreigners!
Let’s build the
Great Wall of
China!
Did the Han Dynasty welcome
or reject foreigners?
We should
welcome
foreigners!
Let’s trade on
the Silk Road!
China’s Foreign Policy
SWBAT describe China’s
foreign contacts during the
Tang Dynasty.
Step 1: Listen to the skit.
In a Teahouse During the Tang Dynasty
Step 2: Make a T-Chart
Official Welcomes
Foreign Contact
• Chairs
• New foods like garlic, peas,
and spinach
• Ivory and pearls
• New entertainment (example:
polo)
• New music (example: pipa)
• New religious beliefs (Judaism,
Christianity, Islam, and
Buddhism
• Buddhists run good schools,
hospitals, and lodges
Official Who Rejects
Foreign Contact
• Uncomfortable with change
(example: women riding
horse!?)
• Special treatment of
foreigners may be unfair
– Buddhist monks and nuns don’t
pay taxes
Mural of Two Polo Players 马球图
Tang (c. 747 CE)
Mineral Pigments on Plaster: l. 305 cm. h. 130 cm.
Unearthed from tomb of Prince Li Yong in Fuping
County, Shaanxi Province
Step 3: What would you do!?
• If you had been China’s emperor during the
Tang Dynasty, to what extent would you have
welcomed or rejected foreign contact?
Step 4: What happened at the end of
the Tang Dynasty?
Buddhist
monasteries became very
wealthy. Some people, it
was said, became monks
just to avoid paying taxes. In
addition, influential Chinese
began attacking Buddhism
as a foreign religion.
Step 4: What happened at the
end of the Tang Dynasty?
In 843, the Tang
government, which needed
money, began seizing property.
Thousands of Buddhist monks and
nuns were forced to give up their
way of life. Monasteries and
statues were destroyed. Precious
metals were melted down and
turned over to the royal treasury.
The persecution of Buddhists
lasted only a few years, but it
greatly weakened the power of
the monasteries.
How has each religion been
persecuted?
Homework
• ALL
• ABOUT
• BUDDHA!
Buddhism
Homework
• Step 1: Read about Buddha’s life on page 12 of
your note packet. Make a tombstone for Buddha
that includes 6 facts about his life.
• Step 2: Read about Buddha’s enlightenment on
page 13 of your note packet. In one thoughtful
paragraph, answer the following questions: How
could the Four Noble Truths help you? How could
the Eightfold Path help you?
• Step 3: Read about Buddhism during the Tang
Dynasty, then answer the question with one
thoughtful paragraph.
• Pretend it is the year 819 and you are Emperor Xianzong of
the Tang Dynasty. Buddha’s finger bone has just arrived at
your palace, and you are about to host a three-day festival
to celebrate its arrival.
• Han Yu, one of your Confucian advisors, tells you:
Buddhism is no more than a cult of barbarian peoples…
The Buddha was a man of the barbarians who did not
speak the language of China and wore the clothes of a
different fashion… How then, when he has long been
dead, could his rotten bones, the foul and unlucky remains
of his body, be rightly admitted to the palace?...Your
servant is deeply shamed and begs that this bone be given
to the proper authorities to be cast into the fire and water,
that this evil may be rooted out.
• How would you have responded to Han Yu?
• COPY: The Mongol Empire was
the largest empire in human
history!
• Use the map to COPY and
COMPLETE:
– The Mongol Empire started in
the year1206
______.
– The Mongol Empire conquered
1279
all of China in ________.
– The Mongol Empire split into
four pieces in the year 1294
_____.
• ANSWER:
– While watching the video, write
one more fact you learned
about the Mongol Empire.
China’s Foreign Policy
SWBAT describe China’s foreign
contacts during the Yuan Dynasty
(Mongolian Rule).
Did the Qin Dynasty welcome
or reject foreigners?
We should
reject
foreigners!
Let’s build the
Great Wall of
China!
Did the Han Dynasty welcome
or reject foreigners?
We should
welcome
foreigners!
Let’s trade on
the Silk Road!
Did the Tang Dynasty welcome
or reject foreigners?
We should welcome
some foreigners!
Let’s trade on the
Silk Road!
We should reject
some foreigners!
Let’s persecute the
Buddhists!
China’s Foreign Policy
SWBAT describe China’s
foreign contacts during the
Yuan Dynasty (Mongolian
Rule).
Step 1: Listen to the skit.
At the Khan’s Court During the Yuan Dynasty
Step 2: Make a T-Chart
Official Who Welcomes
Foreign Contact
• The Mongols made it safer and
easier to travel on the Silk Road
• The Mongols have learned a lot
about Muslim culture
– Persian scientist Al-Din brought an
astronomical instrument => more
accurate calendar!
– Al-Din built a new observatory
– Muslim doctors improved
hospitals
• Marco Polo says nice things
about China, so more people will
have good view of China
• Merchant class has gained
respect for bringing ivory,
perfume, and medicines
Official Who Rejects
Foreign Contact
• Outsiders learned about Chinese
secrets
– Printing techniques
– Explosive powder
• Foreigners chosen to work for
government; foreigners rule over
Chinese
• Marco Polo doesn’t read or write
Chinese, but he makes $$$
• Merchants travel without
restrictions and do not pay taxes;
treated better than Chinese
Step 3: What would you do!?
• If you had been China’s emperor during the
Yuan Dynasty, to what extent would you have
welcomed or rejected foreign contact?
Step 4: What did Kublai Khan actually do?
• Kublai Khan (welcomed
/ rejected) foreigners
because he himself was
a foreigner from
Mongolia
______________.
Homework
• CNN News Tracker due Friday!
• All missing work due Friday!
DO NOW: Mongol Invasion of Japan
• In 1274, the Mongols
tried to conquer
Japan.
• The Mongols had an
advantage because
they could scare the
Japanese horses with
gunpowder.
• In 1281, the Mongols
tried to conquer Japan
again.
• The Japanese had an
advantage because
they prayed for a
storm, and a storm
destroyed the
Mongolian navy.
Fall of the Yuan Dynasty
& Rise of the Ming Dynasty
• After the
failed
invasion of
Japan, the
Mongols
never
regained
strength
• The Chinese
rebelled and
overthrew
the Mongols
• The Chinese
formed a new
dynasty: the
Ming Dynasty
Kamikaze (“divine winds”) destroy the Mongolian navy
China’s Foreign Policy
SWBAT describe China’s foreign
contacts during the Ming Dynasty.
Did the Qin Dynasty welcome
or reject foreigners?
We should
reject
foreigners!
Let’s build the
Great Wall of
China!
Did the Han Dynasty welcome
or reject foreigners?
We should
welcome
foreigners!
Let’s trade on
the Silk Road!
Did the Tang Dynasty welcome
or reject foreigners?
We should welcome
some foreigners!
Let’s trade on the
Silk Road!
We should reject
some foreigners!
Let’s persecute the
Buddhists!
Did the Yuan Dynasty welcome
or reject foreigners?
We should welcome
foreigners! After all,
I, Kublai Khan, am a
foreigner from
Mongolia. I will make
Marco Polo my most
trusted official.
Step 1: Listen to the skit.
On the Dock During the Ming Dynasty
Step 2: Make a T-Chart
Official Welcomes
Foreign Contact
• After Zheng He’s voyages, 30
places promised to become
tributaries of China
– Other countries show
respect to China
(kowtow) =>
– Sashes from India and amazing
animals like ostrich, zebra, lions,
giraffe, and leopards
• China learned how to build
huge ships that are unsinkable
Official Who Rejects
Foreign Contact
• Zheng He’s voyages have been
a waste of money
– Tributaries only give cheap gifts
– China just put the animals in a
zoo
• China was under attack by
Mongols, Dutch and
Portuguese, and Japanese
pirates
• Merchants have become
overvalued; after all, they
produce nothing!
Higher
Order
Thinking
• We learned
about another
civilization that
became rich
from collecting
tribute…
• Which
civilization?
– THE AZTECS!
Which boat belonged to Zheng He?
Which boat belonged to Christopher Columbus?
Step 3: What would you do!?
• If you had been China’s emperor during the
Ming Dynasty, to what extent would you have
welcomed or rejected foreign contact?
Step #4: What did the emperor actually do?
• COPY: The Chinese entered into a period of isolationism, a policy
of rejecting contact with foreigners
Zheng He’s fleet of ships
was destroyed
The Great Wall of China was
lengthened & strengthened
The Ming emperor built a
new palace which became
known as the Forbidden City
Homework:
Your Turn to Decide!
• Page 22 of your packet:
• Pretend you are a Ming emperor. You must
decide whether China should welcome or reject
foreign contact.
• Write your decision and give five reasons
supporting it. For example, you might write, “I
favor contact with foreigners because foreign
merchants bring us luxury products, such as
pearls and…”