Download Warm-Up - mssarnelli

END OF UNIT FILING!
BEFORE
YOU DO ANYTHING
ELSE…Please get your file
folder off the back counter!!
Then
write your homework AND
get your homework out to be
checked!
WARM-UP
1)
2)
Write your homework – leave it to be
stamped!
Update your Table of Contents for today’s
activities!
Date
Session
#
10/30
&
10/31
2
3)
Activity
Plate Tectonics Note Guide
Get your homework out to be checked!
Page
#
3
Igneous
Metamorphic
Sedimentary
Where would you most
likely find this type of
rock?
Where would you find?
Where would you find?
Based on how it is formed
and where it is located,
what information could
you get from this type of
rock?
What info could you
get?
What info could you
get?
QUICK REVIEW…
 Layers
Earth




of the
Crust (2 types)
Mantle
Outer Core
Inner Core
 Earth’s
crust and
the very top of the
mantle form the
lithosphere
 Lithosphere sits
on top of the
asthenosphere
HOW???
LAW OF UNIFORMITARIANISM
Law of Uniformitarianism:
States that Earth is an
always changing place
 The same forces of
change are at work today
that were at work in the
past.
 Some changes are
gradual; some changes
are fast.
T-CHART:
SLOW CHANGES
VS.
FAST CHANGES
SINKHOLES

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RUjo3K_00tY
 Whether
you categorize them as a
fast or slow change, they seem to be
getting more common…WHY?
SOME THINGS HAPPEN SLOWLY,
WHILE OTHERS HAPPEN
QUICKLY, BUT WHAT THEY BOTH
HAVE IN COMMON IS THEY STEM
FROM ONE COMMON
MOVEMENT …BUT MOVEMENT
OF WHAT????
HINT:
TECTONIC PLATES

The Lithosphere is broken into many large and small
slabs of rock called tectonic plates and where two plates
meet, a lot of changes can occur.
TECTONIC PLATES
 The
How do
the
tectonic
plates
move?
plates move because
of convection currents.
 The hot, soft rock in the
mantle rises…then it
cools, and sinks.
TECTONIC PLATES
There are 3
types of
plate
boundaries
1.
Divergent
2. Convergent
3. Transform
SUBDUCTION
 When
one tectonic plate
sinks under another plate
What is
IT CAN ONLY HAPPEN
SUBduction? WHEN…
 Continental
& oceanic plate
collide = oceanic plate
ALWAYS sinks because it is
more DENSE.
 Oceanic
& oceanic plate
collide = the older more
dense plate sinks!
DIVERGENT

Key word: Divide
DIVERGENT
DIVERGENT
 What
occurs at this
boundary?
New Crust
Forms
Mid-ocean
Ridges
Rift Valleys
Earthquakes
Volcanoes

CONVERGENT
Key
3
word: Collide
types of convergent:
Continentalcontinental
Oceanic-oceanic
Oceanic- continental

CONVERGENT:
CONTINENTAL-CONTINENTAL
CONVERGENT:
CONTINENTAL-CONTINENTAL
What
occurs at
this boundary?
High
mountains
Earthquakes
CONVERGENT:
OCEANIC-OCEANIC
CONVERGENT:
OCEANIC-OCEANIC
 What
occurs at this
boundary?
Deep-ocean
Trenches
Volcanic
Islands
Earthquakes

Hawaii is NOT on a
plate boundary!
CONVERGENT:
OCEANIC- CONTINENTAL
CONVERGENT:
OCEANIC- CONTINENTAL
What
occurs at
this boundary?
Deep-ocean
trenches
Coastal
mountains
(some are
volcanic)
Earthquakes

TRANSFORM

Key word:
Slide
TRANSFORM
TRANSFORM
What
occurs at this
boundary?
Faults
Earthquakes

PLATE MOTION SIMULATION

http://www.sepuplhs
.org/middle/iaes/stud
ents/simulations/SE
PUP_Plate_simulati
on.swf
HOMEWORK: REAL WORLD
EXAMPLES & PICTURES
 You
can start by using the
textbook/technology to search for a
real-world example you can copy into
your chart.
 When
you go home, please print or
draw a picture (drawings better be
good!) to put in the box of that
real-world example
WARM-UP
1)
2)
Write your homework – leave it to be stamped!
Update your Table of Contents for today’s
activities.
Date Session
#
11/4
&
11/5
3)
4)
3
Activity
Page
#
Milky Way Plate Tectonic Lab (turn in for a formal grade
and tape into page 4 when returned)
4
Layers of the Earth Rap Lyrics/Continents Adrift Video
Questions
5
Get your homework out to be checked!
Get a whiteboard, marker and eraser off the
back shelf, and get ready for a review!
REAL-WORLD EXAMPLES
DIVERGENT BOUNDARY
 Mid-Ocean Ridges like the Mid-Atlantic Ridge

REAL-WORLD EXAMPLES
 Continental-Continental
Convergent
 High Mountains like the Himalayas
REAL-WORLD EXAMPLES
Oceanic-Oceanic Convergent
 Deep-ocean trenches like the Mariana Trench

REAL-WORLD EXAMPLES
Continental-Oceanic Convergent
 Coastal mountains like the Andes Mountains on
the coast of South America

REAL-WORLD EXAMPLES
Transform Boundary
 Faults, like the San Andreas Fault in California

WHITE BOARD QUICK TICKET
REVIEW
 Answer
each question on the whiteboard
ON YOUR OWN!
I
will come around and check your
answers – YOU GET ONE CHANCE, and
if you are correct you will get a ticket!
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS
Draw
and label the 4 main
layers of the Earth:
What were the 2 type of crust?
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS
Explain
why the Earth’s
interior is separated into
these layers:
• DENSITY
• Materials they are each
made up of
• The forces by which Earth
was formed
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS
 Which 2 layers make up the
lithosphere?
Crust
• Mantle
•
Which
layer does the
lithosphere sit on top of?
• Asthenosphere
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS

Why is the inner core solid if
it is so hot?
• Because it is under so much
intense PRESSURE from the
other layers sitting on top of it.
ESSENTIAL QUESITONS

If new crust is created at divergent
boundaries, then why doesn’t Earth
get any bigger?
• SUBDUCTION! As new crust is formed
at a divergent boundary, old crust is being
melted down at convergent boundaries
where subduction is occurring. New crust
is being “created” at the same rate that old
crust is being “destroyed.”
• Earth recycles itself!
REVIEW: PLATE TECTONICS

Please turn to your Plate Boundaries Chart so
you can reference it during the mini lab activity!
REVIEW:
MILKY WAY PLATE TECTONICS LAB


We will be doing a mini-lab with Milky Way bars
to further demonstrate your understanding of
plate tectonics and the features formed by plate
movement.
You must complete the lab guide and you must
follow my instructions at all times!
Make sure your lab guide is in the
basket with your name on it at the
end of the lab for a FORMAL grade!!

LAYERS OF THE EARTH RAP


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q9j1xGaxYzY
Use as an example for your homework, listen and
follow along with the lyrics while you eat your
Milky Way bar!
Brain Break!
CONTINENTS ADRIFT
MOVIE QUESTIONS: Answer as you watch the movie clip
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HrKTuCDierM
HOMEWORK


Rap, song or poem about “Earth’s History”
material covered so far – DUE NEXT CLASS!
Start reviewing your vocabulary nightly!
WARM-UP
1)
2)
3)
Write your homework – leave it to be stamped!
Update your Table of Contents for today!
Put your rap, song or poem in the basket!
Date Session
#
11/6
&
11/7
4
Activity
The Story of Earth’s History Foldable
6
Sea-floor Spreading Lab
7
HOMEWORK: Continental Drift/Columbian Exchange
Article & Questions
4)
Page
#
8
Pick up the supplies on the front counter that
are listed on the front whiteboard!
REMEMBER…
It is the movement of the tectonic plates that
cause the majority of changes on Earth.
 Some changes happen quickly, while others
happen slowly, but none have been more Earth
changing than this…

HOW?
EARTH’S HISTORY FOLDABLE
Fold the 2 pieces
of copy paper as
shown.
 Label each flap as
you see in the
picture.

The Story of Earth’s
History
Pangaea
Continental Drift
Sea Floor Spreading &
Magnetic Reversal
PANGAEA
Scientist Alfred
Wegener noticed
that Earth’s
continents seemed
to fit together like
a puzzle, so he
hypothesized that
they were once
joined in a single
“super continent”
called Pangaea
CONTINENTAL DRIFT
This led to his Theory of Continental Drift – that
although the continents were once joined, they slowly
drifted apart!
Wegener’s Evidence:
 1. Matching rock layers on different continents


2. Matching fossils on different continents
3. Evidence of climate change – tropical plant fossils
in cold places, ice scratches in warm places
SEA FLOOR SPREADING
 The
sea floor spreads apart at divergent
boundaries and forms new crust as well as
features such as Mid-Ocean ridges
 The
rock closest to the crack is the
youngest while the rock further from the
crack is older
MAGNETIC REVERSALS



Minerals in the magma that rises through the
cracks in the sea floor align themselves with
Earth’s magnetic poles (North and South)
As the rock cools, the minerals stay fixed in this
position, like a compass
Earth’s poles periodically reverse. The
“stripes” of rock along the ocean floor record
these reversals.
SEA-FLOOR SPREADING

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GyMLlLxbfa4
SEA FLOOR
SPREADING SIMULATION

Read the “Introduction to Sea Floor
Spreading” silently to yourself or with
your partner.
 Quickly
color & cut out your sea floor
strip and tape the “orange” ends
together – 5 minutes!
 Cut
Slits A, B & C as demonstrated!
SEA FLOOR
SPREADING LAB
Thread the “blue” ends up through Slit
B from the bottom
 Pull one side down through Slit A and
the other down through Slit C
 Answer the questions
on your lab guide

NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC – “COLLIDING
CONTINENTS”
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KCSJNBMOjJs
 The
BIG QUESTIONS:
…will the continents be connected again?
 …what will Earth be like hundreds of millions
of years in the future?
 …how did Earth form in the first place?

(last 5 minutes of video)
WARM-UP
1)
2)
Write your homework – leave it to be stamped!
Update your Table of Contents for today!
Date Session
#
11/8
&
11/12
3)
4)
5
Activity
Page
#
Hawaii…How? & Hot Spot Notes
9
Mapping the Hawaiian Islands
10
Vocabulary Practice Quiz
11
Get your homework out to be checked!
Get your “Story of Earth’s History” foldable out
as well!
QUICK REVIEW
 What
is the former “supercontinent” called?
 Why is it called Pangaea?
 The idea that the continents had slowly moved
is called…?
 Who was the scientist that proposed the idea
of both Pangaea & Continental Drift?
 Why didn’t people believe him?
 What did he use as evidence to prove his
theory?
 What LAND FORM was later discovered on
the ocean floor that supported his theory?
QUICK REVIEW
 This
land form was created by which
process?
 We further discovered that the oldest
rock was located…?
 And the youngest rock was located…?
 Not only were there age patterns, but
patterns of what else?
 Which scientist is responsible for the
discovery of the Mid-Ocean Ridge & SeaFloor Spreading?
MAGNETIC REVERSAL DEMO
REMEMBER…
 Earth is surrounded by a magnetic field
 Earth’s magnetic field, and magnetic poles,
reverse and those reversals are recorded in the
minerals of the sea floor
What do you
think the effects
of a magnetic
reversal could
be?
HOT SPOTS!
Read Hawaii…How?
 Should get taped to the top of page 9

HOT SPOTS!
 What
is the Earth’s outer crust made up of?
 Where can a volcano form?
 What plate are the Hawaiian Islands on?
 Are they at a plate boundary or a hot spot?
 What is a hot spot?
 Does a hot spot move?
 So what is moving?
 How many islands has this hot spot formed
to make the Hawaiian Island chain?
HOT SPOTS
 Hot
spots occur far from plate
boundaries.
 Magma rises and weakens and eventually
melts through the crust above it.
 As the plate moves, the hot spot remains,
creating a series of volcanic islands or
volcanoes.
 Hot spots help measure plate movement
because the hot spot stays in one place while
the plate above it moves.
HOT SPOT VIDEO

Discovery Education: Hot Spots – The Formation
of the Hawaiian Islands
HOT SPOT DEMO
 As
you watch the demo write a
a 3-4 sentence description of what you
see happening:
- Analyze the movement of the screen…
- What does the screen represent?
- What does the shaving cream
represent?
- What does the side view look like?
STEP 1: MAPPING THE HAWAIIAN
HOT SPOTS!
1) Use the latitude and longitude
coordinates to locate each of the
Hawaiian islands on the map
2) Plot each island on the map –
label it with the name
LATITUDE & LONGITUDE REVIEW
 Latitude
– latitude lines are the horizontal
lines that are measured by how far North or
South they are of the Equator (0) – usually
written first
 Longitude
– longitude lines are the vertical
lines that are measured by how far East or
West they are of the Prime Meridian (0) –
usually written second
 Using
latitude and longitude is very similar
to using the X, Y coordinates on a graph
STEP 2: CALCULATING THE RATE OF MOVEMENT
Basic Formula: velocity = distance / time
Example for Midway Island:
Step 1: Convert the age into millions of years
How do we turn 27.7 into millions of years?
 27.7 x 1,000,000 = 27,700,000
Step 2: Plug the numbers into the formula
Velocity = 2,432 km / 27,700,000 years = 0.00008779km/yr
Step 3: Convert km/yr to cm/yr (there are 100,000 cm
in a km)
0.00008779 x 100,000 = 8.78
cm/yr! (round)
HOMEWORK


Study the Vocab Practice Quiz…and
review your notes!
There will be a Vocabulary Quiz
NEXT CLASS…AND IT WON’T
ALL BE MATCHING!
VOCABULARY PRACTICE QUIZ
 Clear
 When
your desk
you are finished, turn your
quiz over!
KEY VOCABULARY TERMS FOR THIS
POWERPOINT…BUT DON’T FORGET THE
ROCK CYCLE WORDS!!!
Crust
Mantle
Outer Core
Inner Core
Lithosphere
Asthenosphere
Convection Current
Magma/Lava
Law of
Uniformitarianism
Tectonic Plates
Subduction
Divergent Boundary
Convergent Boundary
Transform Boundary
Mid-Ocean Ridge
Rift Valley
Deep-ocean Trench
Pangaea
Continental Drift
Sea floor Spreading
Magnetic Reversal
Hot Spot