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Layers of the Earth Why are there different layers of the Earth? Earth is made up of materials with different densities density : Mass per unit volume Let us Investigate Density 1) Put a layer of wooded beads about 1 cm thick at the bottom of the cup 2) Put a layer of gravel about 2 cm thick on top of the wooden beads. Stir the beads and gravel until they are well mixed. 3) Put another layer of gravel about 1 cm thick in top of the mix. DO NOT mix this layer of gravel. 4) SLOWLEY fill the cup about 2/3 full of water. Be sure not to disturb the layers in the cup. 5) Stir the beads and gravel with the stick. Observe what happens. How do scientist think the Earth was formed? What do we already know about Earth’s Layers? The Crust Litho ~ “Stone” 2 sections of the crust - Continental Crust: (Granite Rock) Made up of rock that floated to the surface when the Earth was formed Crust How thick is the crust? Divided into six continents. These continents are Eurasia (Europe and 3 –Africa, 25 miles Thick South Asia), North America, America, Antarctica and Australia -Oceanic Crust: (Basalt Rock) The ocean floor. Mantle Outer Core Inner Core The Mantle Asthenes ~ “Weak” The Earth’s thickest layer (1,700 miles) composed of a semi-solid rocky layer that moves Mantle Top part of the mantel is cool and ridged The lower section is made of hot rock that moves like a thick paste Convection Currents The Core Iron and Nickel Outer Core (1,411 miles) Made of liquid molten rock called….. Outer Core Inner Core Inner Core (756 miles) The solid metal core (or ball) of the Earth