Download Actual Lesson Plan On Volcanoes

Lesson Plan On Volcanoes
By. Dan Maslanka
Intro. To Volcanoes
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In a few minutes we will watch the
video, Volcano!. Let’s first begin with
some basic questions and write them
on the board to be discuss
What is a volcano?
Where are they found?
Why do they erupt?
Basic Makeup of The Earth
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The Earth’s outermost shell of the Earth, called the lithosphere is
seperated into sections called tectonic plates which can collide into
each other, move away from each other or even slide under one
another.
Where Do Most Volcanoes
Come From?
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Most of the volcanoes, 80 percent of them, on land occur at
a subduciton zone, which is where one plate slides under
another causing part of that plate to melt and form
magma. Magma is essentially melted rock caused from the
heat of the Earth’s mantle which is located beneath the
lithosphere. Some volcanoes also occur in the middle of
tectonic plates, called hotspots, places of intense heat.
Subduction Zone Clip
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http://www.classzone.com/books/earth
_science/terc/content/visualizations/es0
902/es0902page01.cfm?chapter_no=09
Materials Released During An
Erutpion
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Lava- magma that has erupted
from a volcano
Tephra- fragments of any size
lava or rock that are blasted
into the air from a volcanic
eruption
Cinders- pieces of fragmented
http://www.nps.gov/havo/visitor/lava.htm
lava
Ash
Gases
http://www.virtual-geology.info/vft/2004-claire/redoubt.htm
Why Does A Volcano Erupt
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Fissures and vents in the earth allow for the escape
of gas and magma. Since magma is less dense than
the surrounding rock, it flows up and out of the
volcano. The amount of gas in the magma affects
the size and force of the eruption. The more gases
built up inside the magma, the more forceful the
eruption is. After the initial explosive eruption,
quieter lava flows can occur. In the clip below, look
for the tephra, lava and cinder erupting out.
http://www.thirteen.org/savageearth/animations/volcanoes/index.html
Activity #1
Making A Flipbook
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Directions:
Cut at least 8 notebook cards in half, you
can always cut more if needed.
Draw a the picture of a volcano and its
progressing eruption on the cards.
You can view my model flipbook if needed.
Label tephra, lava and cinders on the
appropriate picture and color in the pictures
with colored pencils also.
Types of Volcanoes
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Volcanoes are usually recognized by most people as big mountains.
Their size is due to the repeat of volcanic eruptions and the
materials released from and eruption. There are three types of
volcanoes.
1)Stratovolcanoes- form from repeated eruptions of lava and tephra
resulting in the buildup of layers, symmetrical cones and steep
sides.
Types of Volcanoes
(continued)
2) Cinder Cones- form from lava blasted into the air that forms cinders,
fragmented lava pieces that fall back down and gather around
the volcano’s main vent or fissure and create a cone shape.
These are the smallest volcanoes.
Types of Volcanoes
3)
(continued)
Shield Volcanoes- form from overflowing eruptions of lava that constantly
build on one another to form gentle sloping sides. These volcanoes can be very
long and wide in size.
Activity #2
Building The Three Types of
Volcanoes
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Directions:
Split up into groups of three from the assigned
list on the chalkboard.
Using the picture on the sheet that you have
been given, build that type of volcano out of
the modeling clay provided to you.
After you have completed the volcano on your
sheet, consult with the other students in your
group on how to build their volcanoes.
When you have completed all three volcanoes,
sit quietly in your seat till everyone is done.
Impact of Volcanic Eruptions
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Impact of the Ash- can generate lightning which can further ignite
forest fires, cause human death from asphyxiation (suffocation),
accumulate on plants and destroy them, and cover the surrounding
towns costing them time and money to clear it away
Impact on Climate- depending on the richness of the sulfur content,
temperatures can be reduced due to the haze the sulfur causes that
reflects the sun’s radiation, this haze can last for years.
Impact on Mudflows- the hot volcanic particles can melt the nearby
surrounding snow and ice on some mountains causing devastating
mudflows mixed with all sorts of volcanic debris, volcanic mudflows are
also known as lahars
Ex. Of mudflow devastation- in 1985, the eruption from Nevada Del
Ruiz, created large volumes of mudflows due to the high amount of ice
and snow causing the smothering of the town of Amero resulting in
23,000 deaths
Picture of a Volcanic Mudflow
This man is collecting a sample from the volcanic mudflow.
http://www.geo.mtu.edu/volcanoes/pinatubo/lahar/scan-005.gif
Activity #3
Erupting A Model Volcano
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Return to your groups of 3 and choose one of
the volcanoes in your group to use
From the front table, send one person up to
grab a cup with ¼ cup of vinegar in it and
the small cup of baking soda.
Make a slot in the volcano for the cup and put
it in.
Each group will come up with their volcano
and attempt to create the best eruption.
Short Research Paper
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Requirements:
1 page in length, double spaced, 12 font size
Use at least 5 of the terms covered in lecture.
Include a bibliography of websites used, at least two including the one
given
What To Research?
You will use the website below as a starting point for your research as
well as any other websites or books you find useful.
http://volcano.und.nodak.edu/vwdocs/current_volcs/current.html
What Must Be Included?
How long the volcano has been active or extinct and when was the last
eruption?
Did the eruption(s) cause any damage to the nearby surroundings? If
so, what, ex. Damage to buildings, trees, any deaths, etc. Did the
eruption have any other effects on the surrounding environment.
What type of volcano is it, how big is it and where is it located?
Is the volcano monitored and if so, how is it monitored?
Extra Credit: How did the volcano get it’s name?