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The Rock Cycle
Ch. 4 sect. 1
Starts on p. 90
Objectives
• Describe four processes that shape
Earth’s features.
• Describe how each type of rock changes
into another type as it moves through the
rock cycle.
• List two characteristics of rock that are
used to help classify it.
Terms to Know
• A Rock is: naturally occurring solid mix of
minerals and organic matter.
• Rock Cycle: continuous process of old
rocks changing to form new rocks
Describe four processes that shape
Earth’s features.
• Weathering: process where water, wind,
ice and heat break down rock
• Erosion: process where sediment is
moved by wind, water, ice and gravity
• Deposition: process where sediment is
dropped or (deposited)
• Uplift: the movement within the Earth that
lifts buried rock to surface
Describe how each type of rock changes into
another type as it moves through the rock cycle.
• Weathering, erosion, and deposition cause
sediment to build up in layers. Layers get
compacted under the weight becoming
Sedimentary Rock.
• When plates collide, some crust can be
forced down where there is great heat and
pressure. This can make Metamorphic
Rock.
Continued
• If the Metamorphic rock gets close enough
to Magma, it will melt. When it cools it
becomes Igneous Rock
• Uplift bring this rock up to the surface to
weather again!
List two characteristics of rock that are used
to help classify it.
• Composition: the minerals a rock
contains
• Texture: Size, shape and positions of the
grains in a rock.
– Fine grained: when rock cools quickly
– Coarse grained: when rock cools slowly