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Earth Science Review And just a little bit of physics… Question 1 What feature is likely to occur between the South American Plate and the African Plate? A. Mountain B. Trench C. Subduction zone D. Mid-ocean ridge Question 2 What is the net force of the object shown in the diagram? (8.6A) A. 30 N to the right B. 50 N to the right C. 30 N to the left D. 50 N to the left Question 3 Which hill is steeper and therefore harder to climb? A. B. C. D. Able hill because the peak is 40 meters Able hill because the contour lines are further apart Baker hill because the peak is 50 meters Baker hill because the contour lines are closer together Question 4 Which of the following is true about acceleration? A. B. C. D. Acceleration is speed in a given direction. Acceleration is a change in either speed or direction. Acceleration is distance travelled in a given amount of time. all of the above Question 6 Newton’s Second law is known as: force is equal to the mass of an object multiplied by its acceleration. Which of these scenarios is best explained by this law? A. B. C. D. A rocket that is propelled upward with equal force as the gases pushing downward on the earth Stopping a roller coaster cart suddenly can cause the passengers to be thrust forward into their seatbelts A TV was easier to move than a refrigerator because it had a smaller mass All of the above Question 7 The continental and oceanic plates move because of: A. B. C. D. The rotation of the earth Convection currents in the earth’s crust Convection currents in the earth’s mantle Convection currents in the oceans Question 8 The Mid Ocean Ridge is an underwater mountain range that forms from cooled magma coming up through the cracks in the sea floor and settling. Which type of plate boundary would be found at the Mid Ocean Ridge? A. B. C. D. Convergent Boundary Transform Boundary Divergent Boundary Shearing Boundary Question 9 Which of the following occurs as a result of convection within the ocean? A. B. C. D. Ocean currents Winds Waves Tsunamis Question 10 A frog leaps from its resting position onto a lily pad. If the frog has a mass of 0.5 kg and the acceleration of the leap is 3 m/s2, what is the force the frog exerts on the lake’s bank when leaping? A. B. C. D. 0.2 N 0.8 N 1.5 N 15 N Question 11 The ocean plays an important role in the formation of storm systems such as hurricanes because: A. B. C. D. The wide, open area allows strong winds to develop Warm, tropical waters provide the energy that drives the storm Cold, high pressure systems in the Atlantic allow the storms to build High tides push the water higher on the beaches Question 12 In the picture to the right, one plate is sliding beneath another. Which of the following statements is correct? A. B. C. D. A Plate A is made of denser continental crust and is being subducted Plate A is made of denser oceanic crust and is being subducted Plate B is made of denser oceanic crust and is being subducted Plate B is made of denser continental crust and is being subducted B Question 13 Bobby lifts a box into a moving truck straight off the ground. He hurt his back doing this, so the next day he lifts the same box into the truck using a ramp. In which situation was more work done on the box? A. B. C. D. Lifting the box straight up Using the ramp Work was the same in both situations No work was done in either situation Question 14 William rode his bicycle 100 meters south in 20 seconds, and then went east another 100 meters in 10 seconds. Which of the terms below can best be used to describe these changes? (6B) I. Speed II. Velocity III. Acceleration A. I B. I & II C. II & III D. I, II & III Question 15 According to the scientific definition of work, which of these best shows that work is being done? A. a girl carrying a backpack B. a man pushing against a concrete wall C. a car being towed down a street D. a rocket drifting through space Question 16 When air moves from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure, it causes: A. B. C. D. An increase in temperature A decrease in temperature The wind to blow Cool and dry weather Question 17 At which position is the cart gaining potential energy and losing Kinetic energy? A. W B. X C. Y D. Z Question 18 In which of the following situations would the forces be unbalanced? A. B. C. D. Two children pull on a cart in opposite directions, but the cart does not move. A cart lies upside down at the bottom of a hill. A cart rolls down a hill and stops. A child pushes a cart at a constant speed along a straight path. Question 19 What force is at work along a transform boundary? A. B. C. D. Shearing Compression Tension Stretching Question 20 What is happening in this distance vs time graph? A. The object moves at a constant speed B. The object moves one direction and then speeds up in the opposite direction. C. The object moves in one direction, remains at rest, and then moves in the opposite direction D. The object has no acceleration Question 21 Name at least 4 types of evidence that Alfred Wegener gathered as proof that the continents were all once connected. Question 22 There is a low pressure system over Florida. They are experiencing: A. B. C. D. Clouds with precipitation Clear skies Cooler weather Dry and hot weather Question 23 A child jumps on a trampoline. Which of the following causes the child to rise in the air? A. Inertia B. Mass C. A gravitational force D. A reaction force Question 24 In science class, Maria pushes straight down on a spring, compressing it, as shown below. When Maria removes her hand, the spring returns to its original length. Is Maria doing work on the spring? A. B. C. D. Yes, because the spring moved down as she pushed down. Yes, because the spring is exerting a force on Maria’s hand. No, because the spring returned to its original length. No, because work is not done when the motion is downward. Question 25 Which lab cart has balanced forces acting upon it that results in no movement? (8.6A) Question 26 Name two plates that have stretching forces at their boundaries. Question 27 There is a high pressure system over Nashville. They are experiencing: A. B. C. D. Thunderstorms Cool and dry weather Cloudy weather Light drizzle and fog Question 28 Using the map above, describe the change in weather that you would experience while driving from Utica to Buffalo. (8.10B) A. It would change to sunny and cooler temperatures as you go toward Buffalo B. It would change to thunderstorms and cooler temperatures as you go toward Buffalo C. It would change to drizzle and warmer temperatures as you go toward Buffalo D. It would change to sunny and warmer temperatures as you go toward Buffalo Question 29 At which point along the baseball’s flight path is its potential energy greatest? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 Question 30 A rocket moves because the exhaust gases exert a force in one direction against the ground, and the ground exerts ….. (6C) A. B. C. D. a greater force against the rocket in the opposite direction. a greater force against the rocket in the same direction. an equal force against the rocket in the opposite direction. an equal force against the rocket in the same direction. Question 31 Mountains form when two continental plates push towards each other. The force associated with this is: A. Tension B. Compression C. Stretching D. Shearing Question 32 Newton’s laws of motion apply to everyday life in a variety of ways. Which one of the following statements does not demonstrate Newton’s laws of motion as they relate to plate tectonics? A. Plates of the Earth resist change as in Newton’s law of inertia. B. The greater the force of the plate, the greater rate of the plate’s acceleration as in Newton’s law of acceleration. C. Volcanoes form from cooled magma as in Newton’s law of acceleration. D. Plates of the Earth exert a force on each other in opposite directions as in Newton’s law of action-reaction. Question 33 According to the map below, which city will soon experience thunderstorms? (8.10B) A. In Seattle, because a cold front has moved through B. In Chicago, because a cold front is approaching C. In Boston, because a cold front is to the west of the city D. In San Diego, because it is on the edge of a warm front Question 34 What land feature is represented at Location A? A. Mountain B. Plateau C. Valley D. Delta Question 35 What is the correct statement about the object represented by the graph? A. B. C. D. The object is speeding up. The object is slowing down. The object is moving at a constant speed. The object is changing direction. Question 36 When would you experience thunderstorms and cooler weather? (8.10B) A. B. C. D. Area of high pressure with a cold front Area of high pressure with a warm front Area of low pressure with a cold front Area of low pressure with a warm front Question 37 Rivers will form at the bottom of a canyon because: A. Erosion breaks down the rocks and weathering carries them away B. Deposition breaks down rock and erosion carries them away C. Weathering breaks down rock and deposition carries them away D. Weathering breaks down rock and erosion carries away Question 38 A train traveling south at 80 miles per hour is an example of: A. B. C. D. Speed Velocity Acceleration Friction Question 39 A car traveling at 90 mph hits a brick wall. The person inside the car was not wearing a seat belt. The person will continue to move even though the car has stopped. This is best explained by: A. B. C. D. Action-Reaction Gravity Friction Inertia Question 40 What is happening to the oceanic crust in the diagram to the right? A. B. C. D. it is forming new sea floor it is being subducted it is colliding with oceanic crust it is experiencing tension forces