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Volcanoes Volcanoopening in the Earth that erupts gases, ash, and lava Volcanoes There are more than __600__ active volcanoes on Earth. There are active volcanoes on other planets as well. Io, which is a moon of Jupiter is the most active volcano in the Solar System. It is also believed that Venus has many active volcanoes. Mars has the largest (inactive) volcano in the Solar System, Olympus Mons, which is equal in size to the state of Ohio. Volcanoes The most active volcano in the world is: Mt. Kilauea Volcanoes Iceland is being formed along what type of boundary? Divergent boundary Volcanoes Effects of Eruptions: Ash Lava Flows Pyroclastic Flow- volcanic ash and debris moving quickly down the side of a volcano. Can travel at high speeds and be extremely hot. Why are emissions from volcanoes hazardous to the environment? Sufuric gases emitted can mix with water in the atmosphere and lead to acid rain, which can effect plants, wildlife, buildings, and monuments. Lahar Lahar Lahar Volcanoes Volcanoes Formation of Volcanoes Why does magma reach the surface of the Earth? Volcanoes Ash cloud (tephra) Side vent crust Crater Lava flow conduit magma chamber Volcanoes 1. 2. 3. 3 ways in which volcanoes can form: Plates moving apart from each other Plates moving into each other Hot Spots Volcanoes Volcanoes Volcanoes Iceland Iceland is being formed due to volcanic activity along the MidAtlantic Ridge. What type of boundary is this? Divergent Why is magma generated here? Release of pressure on the upper mantle lowers the melting point of the rock, which melts, and because it’s less dense it wants to rise to the surface. Volcanoes Andes Mountains Being formed by the collision between the Nazca plate and the South American Plate. Volcanoes Some volcanoes form far away from plate boundaries in areas called: hot spots. Examples of Hot spots: •Hawaii •Yellowstone- one of the few known supervolcanoes •Galapagos Is. (off the west coast of South America) •Canary Islands (off the North West coast of Africa) Volcanoes An ACTIVE volcano is one that has erupted sometime during the last few hundred years. Kilauea, Hawaii, and Mount St. Helens are active volcanoes. A DORMANT volcano is one that has erupted sometime during the last several thousand years, but has NOT erupted during the last few hundred years. Mauna Kea, Hawaii is a dormant volcano. An EXTINCT volcano is one that has NOT erupted during the last several thousand years. Kohala volcano, Hawaii, is an extinct volcano.
