Download otitis externa

OTITIS EXTERNA
AND DIVING
Or
Swimmers Ear
Otitis Externa

External ear infection
 2nd most common diving medical problem
 Cause
– Bacteria normally found in ear canal
– NOT from bacteria in water
Otitis Externa

With frequent immersion:
– Water swells the cells lining the ear canal
– Cells pull apart
– Surface bacteria get underneath skin
– PH change from slightly acidic to base
– Warm, moist environment for growth
Otitis Externa

Symptoms
– Itchy ear canal
– Thin, white discharge
– Pain/inflamation
– Lymph node swelling/pain
– Pain with moving jaw
Otitis Externa

Prevention
– Topical ear solution (Bausch & Lomb)
 2% acetic acid/aluminum acetate
 Acid – retards bacterial growth
 Astringent – draws excess water out of cells
– Use at least twice daily
– Solution must stay in 5 minutes*
Otitis Externa

Prevention
– Avoid cerumen buildup
 Periodic flush with water
 Do NOT use Q-tips
 OTC solutions
– Avoid alcohol-based drops
 Irritating to ear canal
 Destroys protective barrier
Otitis Externa

Treatment
– Requires physician evaluation
– Cleansing of external ear canal
– Topical antibiotics
– Systemic antibiotics – severe cases
– Pain medication
– No diving for 5-7 days