Download Biology 5/13/14 Mrs. Turgeon

ORGANIZING LIFE’S
DIVERSITY
Chapter 17
Biology
5/13/14
Mrs. Turgeon
“Be a yardstick of quality. Some people aren’t used to
an environment where excellence is expected.”
DO NOW:
In your notes: What do scientists use to classify
organisms?
AGENDA:
SWBAT understand how to classify organisms by
completing an activity
Biology
5/13/14
Mrs. Turgeon
“Be a yardstick of quality. Some people aren’t used to
an environment where excellence is expected.”
DO NOW:
In your notes: What do scientists use to classify
organisms?
AGENDA:
SWBAT understand how to classify organisms by
completing an activity
Classification
Ch. 17, Sec. 1
How Classification Began

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Classification = grouping objects or
info based on similarity
Taxonomy = branch of science that
groups & names organisms based on
studies of different characteristics
Aristotle’s Classification System

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Aristole was a
Greek philosopher
Developed one of
the first systems of
classification
Grouped animals
according to
characteristics,
including habitat
Linnaeus’s Classification System
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system Linnaeus’s
of Binomial
Nomenclature
Was a Swedish
botanist
Based on physical
& structural
similarities of
organisms
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Binomial Nomenclature = 2 word
naming system
Genus = 1st word, capitolized; a
group of similar species
Species = 2nd word, lower case;
describes a characteristic of the
organism

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Organisms have a scientific name &
a common name
Scientific name is written in Latin
How Living Things Are Classified

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Organisms ranked in taxa (categories)
that range from broad to specific
In order from:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
The 6 Kingdoms
Ch. 17, Sec. 2
Classification Models


Phylogeny = evolutionary history of
a species
Cladogram = model of phylogeny of
species
Prokaryotes

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Microscopic,
bacteria
Archeabacteria =
live in extreme
conditions (very
salty, very hot,
very acidic, etc.)
Eubacteria = all
other bacteria
Protists

Protist = eukaryote, lacks complex
organ system
Fungi

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Fungi absorb nutrients from
materials in the environment
Help decompose, break down organic
material
Plants

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Autotrophs
Eukaryotic
Animals

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Heterotroph
Eukaryotic