Download Symbiosis-1

Symbiosis:
A relationship in which two
different organisms or
species that live in close
association with each other.
• The individuals or organisms can
benefit, be unaffected by, or
harmed by the relationship.
• Classified into three categories:
–Mutualism
–Commensalism
–Parasitism
Mutualism
• Symbiotic relationship in which
both organisms benefit.
• Example: corals and algaecoral receives the extra food
that algae makes during
photosynthesis and algae
receives a place to live. BOTH
ORGANISMS BENEFIT!
Coral and algae
Example of Mutual Symbiosis
the relationship between clownfish that dwell
among the tentacles of sea anemones.
The territorial clownfish protects the
anemone from anemone-eating fish, and
in turn the stinging tentacles of the
anemone protect the clownfish from its
predators (a special mucus on the
clownfish protects it from the stinging
tentacles
Example of Mutualism
• Hermit crab, forms symbiotic relationship
with anemone.
Happens in humans,too
A large percentage of herbivores have
mutualistic gut fauna (bacteria) that help
them digest plant matter
Commensalism
• One organism benefits and the other is
unaffected.
• Example: sharks and fish called remorasRemoras attach to sharks and feed off of
the food left by sharks. The sharks are
unaffected.
• Remoras benefit and the sharks are
unaffected.
Leopard shark and remora
Parasitism
• One organism benefits and the other is
harmed.
• The benefiting organism is a parasite.
• Examples: ticks, tapeworms.
– A female wasp lays eggs on a caterpillar.
When the eggs hatch, the wasps will burrow
into the caterpillar and eat the caterpillar alive.
Tick