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Monera Kingdom By: Eric Valchuis and Devin O’Rourke Introduction • • • • Monerans are bacteria Are divided into two kingdoms Monerans have the same lifecycle as humans Prokaryotic cells – No membrane bound organelles • The are the oldest organisms in the world • The most abundant organisms on earth Structure Similarities in Structures • All have ribosome's •One chromosome made out of DNA •Has a cell wall •Some genes are kept on plasmid •Plasma membrane Differences in Structures •Shapes •Have starch granules that store food • Some have cell walls and lipids in membrane and others don’t • Some have different structures and functions •Have sheaths that allow them to stick together •Bacteria often has flagella which allows them to move • Heterotrophic Monera – – – – Organic Material Living organisms Dead organisms or organic waste Cant convert food into organic material Feeding •Photosynthetic Monera •Have chlorophyll that converts light energy into food •Chemosynthenic Monera •Beak down energy found in inorganic compounds (sulfur and nitrogen) Reproduction Asexual Reproduction Heterocysts, which aid in asexual reproduction Sexual Reproduction Major Phyla & Species The Monerans are divided into two kingdoms - Eubacteria Eubacteria •Actinobacteria •Blue green alge •Grass green Bacteria - Archaebacteria Archaebacteria –Methanogens Produce methane Help break down food in the intestines of animals •Onmibacteria –Halophiles •Spirochaetes Live only in bodies of concentrated salt water –Thermoacidophiles Found in hot, acidic waters Can handle temperatures of 80 degrees c. Rod Shaped Bacteria Cow’s Digestive Tract Images Spiral Shaped Bacteria Spear Shaped Bacteria Summary • • • • Monera are bacteria Procaryotic cells Produce asexually and sexually Two kingdoms – Eubacteria – Arachaebacteria