Download Drugs/chemicals used in aquaculture

Drugs/chemicals used in
aquaculture
Feed additives (Sulfonamides)
– Sulfamerazine (fish grade) and Romet-30
• Effective for bacterial infections
•
•
– Toxicity may occur • Kidney damage (drug crystal formation in renal tubules)
• Clinical signs – bloating/dropsy (stomach full of water)
•
• Commercial availability in feed has limited many problems
Drugs/chemicals used in
aquaculture
Sulfonamides (continued)
– Sulfamerazine (fish grade)
• No longer available
– Romet-30
• Suggested dose (furunculosis) – 50mg/kg fish/day
for 5 to 7 days
• Also effective for ESC
•
Drugs/chemicals used in
aquaculture
Terramycin (oxytetracycline) – TM50
– Generally drug of choice in aquaculture
– Recommended dose – 55-83mg/Kg fish/day for 10
days
– Effective against gram neg. bacteria (BKD?)
• ERM, Furunculosis, CWD, etc.
–
– Should not be fed on prophylactic basis!
• Resistance to oxytetracycline can occur in most bacterial
fish pathogens (Meyer and Schnick 1989)
Drugs/chemicals used in
aquaculture
Therapeutants added to water
– Methods
• Static bath – most reliable for raceways/tanks/troughs
• Constant flow – safe and can be used in most situations
when fish reared in running water
• Prolonged –
– Chemicals
• Formalin
– Most widely used agent in fish culture
– (solution contains 37% formaldehyde in water)
Drugs/chemicals used in aquaculture
• Chemicals (cont.)
– Quaternary Ammonium compounds
• Benzalkonium chloride/Hyamine
•
• Now only limited use in food fish
– Potassium Permanganate
• Strong oxidizing agent
•
Drugs/chemicals used in aquaculture
• Chemicals (cont.)
– Copper Sulfate
• Algaecide/bactericide/parasiticide
•
• Can produce kidney necrosis, destruction of hematopoietic
tissue, increased liver fat and inhibition of digestive
enzymes.
– NaCl (salt)
• Most overlooked treatment
• Can be very effective
•
• 3% recommended if possible (10-30 min)