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Download Ecosystems Power Point - Nutley Public Schools
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Ecological Interactions Matter and Energy in the Ecosystem http://www.brainpop.com /science/ecologyandbeha vior/ecosystems/ Matter and Energy in the Ecosystem ROLES OF LIVING THINGS Producers Decomposers Consumers Producers – Autotrophs Organisms that make their own food from inorganic molecules and energy from the sun auto = self troph = feed Photosynthesis – the chemical process that produces sugar from CO2 and energy from sunlight. Examples: protists – phytoplankton, algea plants – corn, rice, grass, wheat) Consumers – Heterotrophs • Organisms that must eat food for energy • • • • hetero = other troph = feed Herbivores – organisms that eat only plants (cows) Carnivores – organisms that eat only herbivores or other carnivores (wolves) Omnivores – organisms that eat both plants and animals (bears; humans) Consumers – Heterotrophs Scavengers: Organisms that eat dead plants and animals Decomposers Wood ear Once the scavengers are done… Bacteria and fungi that consume the bodies of dead organisms and organic wastes Decomposers complete the cycle of matter in the ecosystem Portobello Examples: Fungi: wood ear, portabella Bacteria: E. coli, Salmonella E. coli Salmonella Simple Energy Flow Through an Ecosystem DO NOW Name Date: ______ one producer. Name one consumer. What is an autotroph? What is a heterotroph? Where does ALL energy come from? Energy Flow Through an Ecosystem https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=De_53 QflEXQ Energy Flow Through an Ecosystem Food Chain: Single pathway Transfers energy (nutrients and minerals) in one direction by eating and being eaten. Sunlight supplies the energy that begins the cycle! Energy Flow Through an Ecosystem Food Web-more complex more realistic A network of overlapping food chains representing the feeding relationships among organisms in an ecosystem Energy flows in many directions Changes in any organism affects the other populations!! Trophic Levels Trophic Levels: The trophic level identifies the position an organism holds in a food chain. Trophic Levels Tropic Level Pyramid: A graphical representation in the shape of a pyramid. shows the feeding relationship of groups of organisms Shows the distribution of biomass or among different trophic levels in a given ecosystem. First level – producers Second level – herbivores Third level – first order carnivores Fourth level – second order carnivores Each level completely depends on the level below it Energy Flow Through an Ecosystem Trophic level or Ecological pyramids also show the relative energy in each trophic level Energy is NOT a renewable resource Energy and biomass decreases in value as you move up the trophic levels - This means each trophic level gets less energy from the food they consume from the previous level Energy Flow Through an Ecosystem BIOMASS – shows total amount of organic matter (energy) present in a trophic level Energy travels between one trophic level and the next in the form of food. 10% LAW: Only 10% of all energy in each trophic level is available for the next level. As you move through the pyramid, energy is lost at each level. - First level - producers most energy! - Top Level - top level Consumers have the least! DO NOW How Date:__________ does energy move through an ecosystem? (what level is there the most/least?) What is another word for a producer? A consumer? What are 3 types of consumers? (give an example of each) 1. herbivore- bunny 2. 3.
