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Biology prefixes, root words, and suffixes Mrs. Harris 2015 pneumonoultramic roscopicsilicovolcan oconiosis? pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolc anoconiosis? What Makes Biology So Hard? Vocabulary – If you knew the prefixes and suffixes, you can tackle the tough words!!! Have you ever heard of pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolc anoconiosis? Yes, this is an actual word. What does it mean? It is an obscure term ostensibly referring to a lung disease caused by silica dust, sometimes cited as one of the longest words in the English language. What do these terms mean? Ursus maritimus Odocoileus virginianus nocturnal enuresis borborygmi. gustatory rhinitis horripilation. crepitus Biology can be filled with words that sometime seem incomprehensible. By "dissecting" these words into discrete units, even the most complex terms can be understood. The following pages are designed to give you the tools needed to understand the most common prefixes and suffixes in biology. By using these prefixes and suffixes, even the most difficult words like the one above can be easily understood. Means - A or An – Not or without Examples – asexual, abiotic Anti Means – Against or opposite Example - Antibiotic Aqua - water -ase meaning – enzymes Example - Lactase Auto – meaning: self Examples - autotroph Bacter – bacteria Examples: Bacteria Bi Means – two, twice, double Example - biceps Bio Means – life Example - biotechnology Carcin- meaning: cancer causing Examples - carcinogen Carn Means – meat or flesh Example - Carnivore Cholor- Means - green Example - chlorophyll cid(e) - Means - kill Example – suicide, pesticide Cilia Means – hair like Example - ciliates Co - Means – together or with Example - coevolution Cyt- Means - cell Example - cytoplasm Di Means –two Example – diurnal & dichotomous Eco Means – house Example – ecosystem Endo Means – inner Example - endoderm EuMeans – true or good Example – eukaryotic cells EpiMeans –above or upon Example - epidermis Ex(o) Means – out or from Example - exocytosis gene Means – origin or birth Example - biogenesis Glyco() Means – sugar Example - glycogen Gluc- Means – sugar Example - glucose Herb Means – plant Example - herbivore Hetero Means – other or different Example - heterosexual Mr. & Mrs. Forman July 2004 Hibern – Means – Sleep Example - Hibernate Homo or Homeo Means – same Example - homocercal HyperMeans – above, greater than normal Example – hypertension Hydr Means – water Example - hydrology HypoMeans – below or less than normal Example - hypotonic -ist Means – person who studies Example - cytologist -itis Means – inflammation Example - arthitis KaryoMeans – cell nucleus Example – prokaryotic cell -lys Means – decompose, split, dissolve Example – analysis or cell lysis Macr(o)Means – large Example Macromolecule MicroMeans – small Example – microscope Multi- Means – many Example – multicellular ology Means – study of Example – paleontology -phil Means – love Example – hydophilia or hemophilia phob Means – fear Example – arachnophobia photo Means – light Example – photosynthesis or phototropism -phyll Means –leaf Example – chlorophyll -plasm Means – jelly or formative substance Example -cytoplasm -pod Means – foot Example - arthopod PolyMeans – many Example – polymers usually used in chemistry PseudoMeans – false Example – pseudopod sacchar Means – sugar Example - polysaccaride syn Means – to put together Example - photosynthesis Troph Means – nourishment or one who feeds Example - Autotroph -therm Means – heat Example – endothermic or exothermic uniMeans – one or single Example - unicellular -vormeans- devour or eat Examples - carnivore Zo/zoa Means – animal Example – protozoa – protist that are animal like - consumer ZygMeans – union or to form Example - zygote Homework Monday 8/18 There will be a matching quiz on these words. Create at least 20 flash cards to study – due day of quiz Practice!