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Chapter 15
Personal Care and
Consumer Choices
Lesson 3
Using Medicines Wisely
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 medicines
Drugs that are used to treat or prevent
diseases and other conditions
 prescription
medicines
Medicines that can be sold only with a written
order from a physician or nurse practitioner
 over-the-counter Medicines that are safe enough to be taken
(OTC) medicines without a written order from a physician
 vaccine
A medicine that prevents a disease from developing
 antibiotics
Medicines that reduce or kill harmful bacteria in the
body
 side effect
Any effect of a medicine other than the one intended
In this lesson, you will learn to
 identify types of medicines.
 explain ways medicines are taken into the body.
 describe factors that determine how medicines affect the body.
Classifying
Make a chart of the kinds of medicines mentioned in the lesson.
Medicines
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA), sets
standards for the safety and effectiveness of
medicines.
medicines Drugs that are used to treat or prevent
diseases and other conditions
Prescription and Nonprescription Medicines
The FDA requires standard information to appear on
the labels of prescription medicines.
prescription medicines Medicines that can be sold only with a
written order from a physician or nurse
practitioner
Prescription and Nonprescription Medicines
Prescription label information
includes instructions on how
much medication to take, how
often to take it, and how long to
continue taking the medicine.
Prescription and Nonprescription Medicines
Nonprescription medicines are also called
over-the-counter (OTC) medicines.
over-the-counter (OTC) medicines Medicines that are safe enough
to be taken without a written
order from a physician
Even OTC medicines can be harmful if used
incorrectly.
Types of Medicines
Types of Medicines
Medicines to prevent
diseases
Medicines to fight
infection
Medicines to
relieve pain
Medicines to Prevent Diseases
Vaccines are made from dead or weakened germs
that cause the immune system to produce antibodies.
vaccine A medication that prevents a disease from developing
Medicines to Fight Infection
Antibiotics are used to treat infection.
antibiotics Medicines that reduce or kill harmful bacteria in the body
Each type of antibiotic fights specific strains of
bacteria.
Medicines to Relieve Pain
Pain relievers block or lessen pain signals sent
through the nervous system.
How Medicines Enter the Body
Ingestion
Pill, tablet, capsule, or
liquid is swallowed.
Medicine moves
through the stomach
and small intestine.
Medicine enters the
bloodstream and
circulates throughout
the body.
How Medicines Enter the Body
Injection
Medicine is injected
through the skin.
Medicine immediately
enters the
bloodstream.
How Medicines Enter the Body
Inhalation
Medicine is inhaled as
a mist or fine powder.
Medicine enters the
lungs and the
bloodstream.
How Medicines Enter the Body
Creams and ointments are applied topically to the
skin.
Skin patches that release medicine over time are a
fairly new delivery method.
Medicine in the Body
Factors that determine how a medicine affects the
body include:
The type of medicine
The amount of medicine taken
An individual’s chemical make-up
An individual’s age, gender, and body size
Medicine in the Body
Typical side effects to medicines include headache,
upset stomach, and drowsiness.
side effect Any effect of a medicine other than the one intended
Any unexpected or unwanted reaction to a medicine
should be reported to your doctor or pharmacist.
Risks of Medicines
When tolerance to a medicine builds up, the
medicine may lose its effectiveness.
Risks of Medicines
Bacteria can build up resistance to an antibiotic if
the antibiotic is overused.
Bacteria can also build up resistance to an
antibiotic if the medication is not taken as
prescribed.
Risks of Medicines
Taking two or more medicines at once can have
dangerous effects.
Always let your doctor and pharmacist know what
other medicines you are taking before starting a
new medicine.
Lesson 3 Review
What I Learned
Vocabulary What type of medicine prevents a disease
from developing?
Lesson 3 Review
What I Learned
List Name two ways medicines are taken into the body.
Lesson 3 Review
What I Learned
Describe What factors determine a medicine’s effect on
the body?
Lesson 3 Review
Thinking Critically
Analyze A friend of yours on the football team wants an
energy burst before a game. He wants to take a handful
of vitamins. When you express concern, he says,
“They’re over-the-counter vitamins.” Respond to this
comment.
Lesson 3 Review
Thinking Critically
Hypothesize Laura’s doctor has prescribed a medicine
to treat a case of poison ivy. She also regularly takes
medicine because she has trouble concentrating. Should
Laura tell her doctor what medicine she is already taking?
Why or why not?
End of
Chapter 15
Personal Care and
Consumer Choices
Lesson 3
Using Medicines Wisely
Click for:
>> Main Menu
>> Chapter 15 Assessment