Download STD Review

STD Review
Chlamydia-
most common bacterial STD
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Caused by bacteria
75% of females, 50% of
males have no symptoms
Transmitted through all
types of sexual contact,
mother to baby
Most show no symptoms.
Symptoms can include
burning during urination,
discharge, pain during sex
Problems: PID and sterility
in women, inflammation of
the urethra, eye infections
in babies born to infected
mothers
Chlamydia
Can be cured
 Treated with antibiotics for all
partners
 Prevention: abstinence, mutual
monogamy, condoms
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Gonorrhea
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Caused by a bacteria
Transmitted through sexual contact
Symptoms: often have none, discharge
from genitals and burning during
urination
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Problems: PID in females and sterility in both,
can cause infection and blindness in infants if
passed on during birth
Gonorrhea
Treated/cured with antibiotics
 Prevention: abstinence, condom use
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Genital Warts
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Caused by Human
Papilloma virus
Transmitted by direct
contact with skin infected
with wart virus, and all
types of sex
Symptoms: none, or warts
on the cervix, genital or
anal area.
Problems: increases risk
for cervical cancer,
transmitted to infants
during birth
Genital Warts
Cannot be cured since it’s a virus
 Treated by medications that are put
on the warts, freezing warts, laser
therapy or surgery
 Prevention: Abstinence, condoms
may reduce exposure depending on
location
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HIV infection and AIDS
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Caused by the HIV virus
Transmitted through sex, IV drug use,
mother to baby, injecting contaminated
blood
Symptoms: no symptoms for several
years, typical symptoms include fatigue,
loss of appetite and weight, diarrhea,
night sweats, fever. May alternate
between periods of health and illness,
then symptoms become more frequent
and severe.
HIV Infection and AIDS
Problems: No known cure for AIDS,
all infected people will eventually die
 Treatment: Drugs that slow growth
of HIV
 Prevention: Abstinence, use of latex
gloves, condoms, never share
needle injection equipment.
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Hepatitis B
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Caused by Hepatitis B virus, causes
infection of the liver
Transmitted through very tiny amounts of
blood. Sex is the most common
transmission route in the US. 100x more
easily spread than HIV.
Symptoms: Flu Like: abdominal pain,
nausea, vomiting, fatigue, jaundice, lack
of appetite. Many have no symptoms
Hepatitis B
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Problems: long term liver damage, liver
cancer
Treatment: no cure, antiviral drugs may
help. Rest, good nutrition, avoiding
alcohol and drugs
Prevention: Hep. B vaccine, abstinence,
correct sterilization of needles, condom
use, latex gloves when in contact with
blood.
Herpes
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Caused by virus, type 1 or
type 2
Transmitted by sexual
contact-can be
transmitted when sores
are not present, skin to
skin, and close body
contact
Often no symptoms,
internal and external sores
on genitals
Problems: virus remains in
body, can have out
breaks at any time, can be
transmitted to newborns
Herpes
Cannot be cured- it’s a virus
 Treated with medications that can
shorten the length and severity of
outbreaks
 Preventions: abstinence, condoms
may decrease risk depending on
location of sores
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Pubic Lice
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Caused by tiny insects
that infest body hair,
feed on human blood.
Also called crabs,
cooties
Transmitted by close
or sexual contact,
shared sheets, towels,
clothing.
Symptoms: no
symptoms, or severe
itching, may be able
to see the lice
Pubic Lice
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Problems: infection
due to scratching
Treatment: special
creams, shampoos
Prevention:
Abstinence, all
partners must e
treated, all bedding
and clothing must be
washed, don’t share
towels, underwear
Syphilis
Caused by bacteria
 Transmitted by sexual contact
 Symptoms: First stage: open sore (chancre),
goes away without treatment
2nd Stage: very contagious rash, develops into
sores
Latent Stage: no symptoms, but disease can be
passed on
Late Stage: Tumors, damage to brain, heart,
nervous system
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Syphilis
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Problems: Mental
illness, crippling,
heart disease,
death.
Treatment:
antibiotics
Prevention:
Abstinence,
condoms
Trichomoniasis (yeast
infection)
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Caused by parasite (Fungus)
Transmitted through sex, touching
genitals
Symptoms: no symptoms for most,
itching, swelling, painful urination, yellow
discharge
Problems: irritation, more susceptible to
other illnesses and STDs
Trichomoniasis (yeast
infection)
Treatment: antifungal medications
 Prevention: Abstinence, condoms
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Ways to Reduce Your Risk
IF Sexually Active
Pre-relationship testing
 Know your partner’s sexual and drug
history
 Talk openly about past & present
risks
 CONSISTENT use of safer sex
products
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Testing Locations
Public Health Clinics
 Family Planning Clinics (Planned
Parenthood)
 Private doctor or clinic
 Hospital emergency room
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Methods of Transmission
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All types of sex
Skin to skin contact
Close body contact
Unwashed clothing
Infected blood
Infected body fluids
Kissing
Mutual Masturbation
Mother to baby