Download Slide 1

Presents
New antibiotics
an AQA Application beta version
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© CSE and ASE 2011
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objectives
Objectives
● Find out how harmful bacteria form
antibiotic-resistant strains.
● Discover why resistant strains
spread rapidly.
● Draw conclusions from evidence about
new ways of treating infections.
STARTER
ELICIT
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© Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2011
Parliament, Health Questions
’’
Last Monday,
Jim Beggs had a
routine knee
operation.
In hospital, MRSA
infected his wound.
Ten days later, the
46-year-old dad
was dead.
’’
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© Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2011
Parliament, Health Questions
Superbug MRSA killed
62 more hospital
patients last week.
We are running out of
antibiotics that work.
What does the
Health Minister
plan to do?
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© Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2011
The minister is in trouble
SS1 – 2
Prepare a briefing to
help me answer the MP.
● what are drug-resistant
bacteria?
● how do they develop?
● why do they spread so fast?
more science
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© Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2011
In the
ministerial limousine
Let’s hear your briefing.
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© Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2011
antibiotic labs
SS3 – 6
Scientists are testing new
weapons against superbugs.
cockroach
brains
honey
silver
nanoparticles
Are any worth funding?
Is there enough evidence
to show that they work?
STARTER
ELICIT
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© Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2011
use the lIFELINE
how it works
More than 1 piece of evidence
CHECK
EVIDENCE
No
Does
each piece of evidence
support the claim*?
NEXT STEPS
Is there any
evidence to support
the claim*?
No
Yes
Yes
A LOT of support
SUMMARISE
1 piece of evidence
A LITTLE support
Explain HOW WELL the evidence
supports the claim* overall.
Suggest a test to make
the claim stronger.
Describe the results
you expect if the
claim* is correct.
NO support
Explain why the
evidence opposes the
claim* or is irrelevant.
Say the claim* could
be wrong. Suggest a
claim that fits the
evidence better.
* or hypothesis
© CSE and ASE 2011
Locust
example
Hypothesis Locust brain juice could cut
MRSA in humans because it contains
substances that kill bacteria.
Bacteria Type
Percentage of bacteria
killed after incubating for
24 hours at 37 ºC
Resistant Escherichia coli
99.6
Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa
99.7
Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
97.6
How confident are you that
the hypothesis is correct?
Use the lifeline to decide.
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© Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2011
The end
The following slides give detailed
information linked from the main tasks.
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© Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2011
MRSA bacteria are
harmless on your skin.
More science 1
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© Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2011
But MRSA
bacteria can cause
fatal infections if
they get in
through a cut.
More science 2
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© Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2011
We can fight
most bacteria with antibiotics.
More science 3
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© Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2011
Bacteria can
change because
their genes
mutate.
genetic material
Most mutations aren’t useful to
bacteria, but occasionally
mutations make bacteria
resist antibiotics.
More science 4
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© Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2011
The mutated
bacteria are not
destroyed by
antibiotics. They
survive and
reproduce quickly.
This is
natural selection
.
More science 5
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© Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2011
Antibiotics don’t affect MRSA.
It’s
resistant.
Whenever we use
new antibiotics,
resistant strains
develop.
More science 6
We’re running out
of ideas!
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© Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2011
Hari has an ear infection.
An antibiotic kills almost all
the bacteria. Hari stops taking
the antibiotic.
A tiny fraction of the bacteria have a
natural resistance to the antibiotic.
They do not die.
These bacteria reproduce.
So the population of the
resistant strain of bacteria
increases.
More science 7
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© Association for Science Education and Centre for Science Education 2011
technical notes
● we ‘embedded’ two fonts to make the design work (it’s why the file is
big)
Titles should look like this
Body text should look like this
● if they don’t appear correctly, you can download and install the fonts in 2
minutes:
Download title font (dirt2stickler) from www.dafont.com/dirt2-stickler.font
Download text font (Am. typewriter) from
www.jabroo.com/index/search/q/american+typewriter Note: Click ‘Register’
at top, complete the form and you’ll be taken to the download page
Credits
Gary Talbot, Writer
Philippa Hulme, Editor
Tony Sherborne, Executive editor
Picture
Slide
Credit
Infected wound
3
Wikimedia Commons
Bacteria in mouth
13
Wikimedia Commons
© Centre for Science Education & Association for Science Education 2011. The license for this material includes
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