Download Chapter Two

Chapter 2
The Internet and the
World Wide Web
Objectives
• Brief history
• Internet Access
• Six Internet Services
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–
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Web
Email
Chat (instant messenger)
Newsgroup
FTP
Telnet
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History of Internet
• 30-year History since 1969
– Pentagon and Cold War
• Original Use:
– Military installations
– Universities
– Business firms with defense department
contracts
• Initial Goal:
– Design a network that maintains the safe
transition of data between military computers
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Events
Date
Event
1969
ARPAnet (Advanced Research Projects Agency
)
1984
MILNET & ARPANET (Internet)
1980s
National Science Foundation (NSF)
controlled Internet Access
NSF eased restrictions on Internet Access
1991
1995
U.S. government relaxed entry into
Internet for the public
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Internet Service Providers
• ISPs offer:
– Linking consumers and businesses
to Internet
– Monitoring and maintaining a
customer’s Web site
– All Internet Services
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What are Internet Services?
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•
•
•
•
•
Web
Email
Chat/Messenger
Newsgroup
FTP
Telnet
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Web
• World Wide Web (WWW)
– Global hypertext network of
millions of Web servers and
browsers
– Connected by Hypertext Transfer
Protocol (HTTP)
– Web pages can be designed by
Hypertext Markup Language
(HTML)
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Web (Cont’d)
• Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
– E.g. http://www.towson.edu
– http:// - protocol designer
– www.towson.edu - server name
• www means the network is located on a
dedicated Web server somewhere
• Towson.edu is the name of the network
• edu indicates the site is an educational
institution
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Email
• Email client
– A software program loaded in a
PC allowing user to access
email
• Email Server
• Email protocol: SMTP
(Simple Mail Transfer
Protocol)
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Instant Messenger/Chat
• Industrial Examples
(AOL, MSN)
• Relevance to Internet
usages: distinguish Web
from Internet
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Telnet and FTP
• Telnet
– A basic Internet service
allowing users to
access remote
computers
• File Transfer Protocol
(FTP)
– A standard protocol
allowing users to copy
files from computer to
computer on Internet
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Newsgroup (news reader)
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Exercises
• What are the 6 types of Internet services?
• What is the software called that allows users to
navigate the Web, a browser or HTTP?
• True/False? The main network of connections that
carry Internet traffic is called the Intranet? Or
backbone?
• True/False? A location on the Web that acts as a
launching point for searching and retrieving
information is called a portal or homepage.
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Summary
• Brief history
• Internet access
• Internet services
–
–
–
–
–
–
Web
Email
Messenger/Chat
FTP
Telnet
Newsgroup
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Instant Messenger
• Industrial Examples (AOL, MSN)
• How to use AIM in classroom? Click here
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