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12
E-Commerce Overview
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Learning Outcomes

Define E-commerce

Identify Benefits & Risks of E-Commerce

Describe E-Commerce Business Models

Describe E-Commerce Security & Encryption

Describe Issues Related to E-Commerce
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
E-Commerce


In Relation to the Sale of Goods & Services:

Allow Individuals & Organizations to Exchange Information

Integrate Communications, Data Management, & Security
Major Functionality:
◦
Buying of Goods
◦
Selling of Goods
◦
Performance of Financial Transactions over the Internet.
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Advantages


Business

Reduced Costs

Increased Customer Satisfaction

More Effective Data Management

Potentially Higher Sales
Consumer

Convenience

Easier Comparison Shopping

Wider Selection of Goods
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Risks


Business

Need for a Robust, Reliable Web Site

Fraudulent Transactions

Customer Reluctance to Purchase Online

Increased Competition
Consumer

Possible Security Issues

Possible Privacy Issues

Purchasing from Photos & Descriptions
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Issues

Intellectual Property

Security

Fraud

Taxation

International Commerce
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Trends

Positive

Bigger Product Images


Glean More Detail

More Robust Reviews

Useful Coupons
Negative

Smaller and Hidden Product Descriptions

Fail to Give Feedback After Adding Items to the Cart
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
E-Commerce Business Models

B2C (Business-to-Consumer)

B2B (Business-to-Business)

C2C (Consumer-to-Consumer)

B2G (Business-to-Government)
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Web Services

Transmit Data Between Companies Using the Internet

Software System

Support Interoperable Machine-to-machine Interaction

Other Systems Interact Using HTTP with XML
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Security

Encryption

Ensures Privacy within Organization & on Internet

Converts Data into an Unreadable Format


Decryption

Process of Converting Ciphertext Back into its Original Form


Ciphertext
Plaintext or Cleartext
Encrypt/Decrypt Process Requires Algorithm & Key
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Symmetric-Key Encryption

AKA Single-key Encryption

Encryption & Decryption Use Same Key

Sender & Receiver Must Know Key


Before Communicating Using Encryption
Advantage: Speed
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Asymmetric-Key Encryption

AKA Public-key Encryption

Two Keys are Created at the Same Time


Public Key

Private Key
Much Slower than Symmetric-key Encryption
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Hash Encryption

Purpose is to Verify Integrity of Information

Hash Algorithm Transforms String of Characters

Creates “Digest”

Shorter Fixed-length Value or Key that Represents Original String

One-way Encryption

For Information that Will Not be Read or Decrypted
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)

Protocol that Allows Data to be Privately Exchanged

Over Public Networks

Developed by Netscape

Encrypts Data Sent Between Client & Server

Utilizes Both Symmetric & Asymmetric Keys

https Protocol

Browsers Display a “Lock” Icon
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)

Server & (Optionally) Client Digital Certificates


For Authentication
Symmetric-key Cryptography

Using a "Session Key" for Bulk Encryption

Public-key Cryptography for Transfer of Session Key

Hash Encryption to Verify Integrity of Transmission
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Digital Certificate

Form of an Asymmetric Key

Used by SSL to Authenticate Identity of Web Server

Contents of a Digital Certificate Include:

Public Key

Effective Date of Certificate

Expiration Date of Certificate

Details About Certificate Authority (Issuer)

Details About Certificate Holder

A Digest of Certificate Content
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS
Digital Certificate

Obtaining

Request Certificate from a Certificate Authority


Pay Application Fee
Certificate Authority:

Verifies Your Identity

Issues Your Certificate

Supplies You With a Public/Private Key Pair

Store Certificate In Server, Browser, or E-mail Application

Certificate Authority Makes Your Certificate Publicly Known
CIS 1310 – HTML & CSS