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Internet for beginners
Workshop presented to library assistants in
Worcester, Western Cape, 6 & 7 July, 2011
Sandy Zinn
[email protected]
1
Workshop outline
Background to Internet & WWW
 Web browsers
 How to navigate a web page
 How to read a URL
 Email for beginners
 Setting up a web-based email account
 Netiquette
 Search engines
 How to use Google effectively

Sandy Zinn
[email protected]
2
What is the Internet
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Internet is a global network of networks
The Internet is a collection of computers and
telecommunications hardware linking those
computers together. It is the highway that the
applications use to transfer the data.
The Internet is intangible, more a concept.
Nobody owns the Internet. People and institutions
may own computers and web sites but nobody
regulates the Internet.
People connect to the Internet to access its vast
store of shared information
The Internet is an inherently participative medium.
Anybody can publish information or create a new
service.
Sandy Zinn
[email protected]
3
Brief history
Research that led to the Internet as we know it was
funded by DARPA, the Defence Advanced Research
Projects Agency in the USA. It was envisaged as a
communications system to be used in a national
emergency.
 The first Internet went "live" in 1969 with two sites,
UCLA and SRI (Stanford Research Institute). The
Internet originated as the realm of the military,
research centres, universities and government who
identified its data transporting capabilities as
significant.
 In the 1980s the use of computers became more
widespread. In 1989, Compuserve (now run by
America Online) and MCI Mail provided the first
commercial email connections to the Internet.

Sandy Zinn
[email protected]
4
The Broadband Revolution is
upon us!
African undersea cables as at 28
September 2010
http://manypossibilities.net/africanundersea-cables/
Sandy Zinn
[email protected]
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Sandy Zinn
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Sandy Zinn
[email protected]
7
Internet penetration in Africa (Jun 2010)
Country
Nigeria
Egypt
Morocco
Percentage
39.6%
15.4%
9.4%
South Africa
Algeria
Kenya
Tunisia
4.8%
4.3%
3.6%
3.2%
Source: http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats1.htm
Sandy Zinn
[email protected]
8
Internet in Africa (March 31, 2011)
Country
Nigeria
Egypt
Morocco
%
44%
20.1%
13.2%
% Change
+4.4
+4.7
+3.8
Population %
29%
25%
42%
S. Africa
Algeria
Sudan
Kenya
6.8%
4.7%
4.2%
4.0%
+2
+.4
+1
+.4
14%
14%
10%
10%
Source: http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats1.htm
Sandy Zinn
[email protected]
9
Sandy Zinn
[email protected]
10
More Internet Statistics
S. Africa now has 6,800,000 Internet users
out of a population of 49 million
= 13.9%
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[email protected]
11
How to connect to the Internet
Computer
 Connection -Phone Line, ADSL, Wireless,
Satellite
 Modem
 Network Software -TCP/IP
 Application Software - Web Browser,
Email
 Internet Service Provider (ISP)
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Sandy Zinn
[email protected]
12
Tools & services on the Internet
Email & IM (e.g. Google chat)
 Join Listservs or Discussion groups
 WWW
 Blogs
 File Transfer Protocol (FTP) – download
free software such as Adobe Reader to
access pdf
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Sandy Zinn
[email protected]
13
Sandy Zinn
[email protected]
14
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The Web is a sub-section of the Internet, but it
is the fastest growing part of it.
The Web is a large number of computer
documents or "Web pages" that are stored on
computers around the world and are connected
to one another using hyperlinks.
These Web pages can be seen by anyone through
their computer's "Web Browser,“
Originator of the Web is Tim Berners-Lee
(1991)
Web pages are written in coded language such as
html making it possible to add pictures, sound &
interactivity to plain text
Sandy Zinn
[email protected]
15
What you can do on the Web
Online shopping
 Submit your tax return to SARS
 Find Government info – Cape Librarian
 Read e-books
 Entertainment – Cinema news
 Webcams
 Library catalogues
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Sandy Zinn
[email protected]
16
Sandy Zinn
[email protected]
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How to navigate a web page
A
B
C
D
E
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How to read a URL
http://www.ala.org/ala/onlinelearning/index.cfm
http:// - (hypertext transfer protocol) indicates
that this is a web page
www - indicates that this a web resource
ala.org – (American Library Association) is the
domain name (unique address) of the machine on
which the file is found, the host system
online learning - is the directory indicating the
location of the resource on the system
The file name “index.cfm” is the actual document
name or specific page you require
Sandy Zinn
[email protected]
19
Can you read this URL?
http://www.ipl.org/div/kidspace/
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20
Domain name extensions – guess what they
mean
.edu
 .org
 .ac
 .com
 co.za
 .nl
 .net

Sandy Zinn
[email protected]
21
A few ways to access websites
Enter a Web address into your browser
and retrieve a page directly
 Browse through sites and select links to
move from one page to another both
within and beyond the site
 Do a search on a search engine such as
Google to retrieve pages on any topic
 Click on links within e-mail messages

Sandy Zinn
[email protected]
22
Hyperlinks
Hyperlinking is a way of moving between
website pages
 The text to be hyperlinked is recognizable
by being underlined or a different colour
 Images or a combination of text + image
can also perform hyperlinks

Sandy Zinn
[email protected]
23
Web browsers
Browsers are programs used to explore the Internet
Name
Image
Internet Explorer
Firefox
Safari
Opera
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Email for beginners
Sandy Zinn
[email protected]
25
What is email?
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Electronic mail or e-mail is one of the most
popular uses of the Internet.
With an e-mail account you can send an
electronic message (much like a letter) to
anyone with an e-mail account but you need
to know their e-mail address.
An e-mail address looks like this: it is your
username, then an @ ('at') symbol, and then
a domain name (something .com, .net, or
.org in most cases). E.g. [email protected]
Sandy Zinn
[email protected]
26
Setting up a
account
Type the URL “gmail.com” in the address
bar
 Select (click on) “create an account”
 Have your diary or cell phone handy to
record the user name and password you
decide to choose
 Complete the online format and submit
 You will receive a welcome message from
Gmail
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Sandy Zinn
[email protected]
27
Sending an email
Select “Compose mail”
 In the “To” field, enter the recipient’s
email address
 In the “Subject” field type a heading
describing the gist of the email
 The space below is the area where you
type your message much like a letter
 When completed you select the “send”
button
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Sandy Zinn
[email protected]
28
Other options and fields
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“Attach a file” option allows you to attach
documents, images or any files saved on your
computer
CC stands for carbon copy & is used if you
want to send a message to multiple people,
add the extra addresses in the CC field
separated by commas
BCC stands for blind carbon copy. BCC
works just like a carbon copy, except the email addresses you type in BCC cannot be
seen by recipients.
Sandy Zinn
[email protected]
29
Netiquette
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Never send an email in CAPITAL LETTERS
only. It is the equivalent of shouting
When communicating with people not your
closest friends address them with respect.
Use complete sentences with proper
capitalization and punctuation. Refrain from
using shorthand abbreviations, such as “u”
for you.
Refrain from flaming (bashing) - hostile and
insulting interaction between Internet users
Don’t use emoticons
with people you
don’t know well.
Sandy Zinn
[email protected]
30
Search Engines
Sandy Zinn
[email protected]
31
Search engines - introduction
A collection of programs that gather
information from the Web, index it, & put
it in a database so it can be searched.
 The search engine takes the keywords or
phrases you enter, searches the database
for words that match the search
expression, and returns them to you.
 The results (called hits)are hyperlinks to
sources that have descriptions, titles, or
contents matching the search expression.

Sandy Zinn
[email protected]
32
Types of search engines
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General
◦ Ask http://www.ask.com
◦ Google http://www.google.com
◦ Exalead http://www.exalead.com
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Specialist
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KidsClick http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/KidsClick!/
Ananzi (South Africa) http://www.ananzi.co.za
SearchEdu (education information) http://SearchEdu.com/
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Meta
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Dogpile http://www.dogpile.com/
Mamma http://www.mamma.com
MetaCrawler http://metacrawler.com
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Sandy Zinn
[email protected]
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Using Google - homepage
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Google Directory
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Searching
With basic searching use the fewest,
most apt words
 With advanced search you can tailor
your results to be more accurate
 Change search settings
 Results page
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Sandy Zinn
[email protected]
36
Standard View of results for a search on
“health”
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Wonder Wheel view of results
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Google Librarian Central
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Web Hunt!
Are you ready?
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40
Useful References
http://www.webopedia.com/
 http://www.sharpened.net/glossary/

Sandy Zinn
[email protected]
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