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POSTCOLONIALISM by Francesco Bernardini Definition • Postcolonialism = a great category of social studies, literature and anthropology developed in 1950s and 1960s . • It was built on the idea of the end of the Colonial period which overlapped with the crush of the Western colonial empires (mainly France, England). • Most of Postcolonial writers come from excolonial countries. Cultural Background • After WWII, almost all colonial countries started rioting against European countries to get independence • Some writers were sensible to such issue and started writing about such social and anthropological matters • Also in Europe intellectuals began to consider the conflict not from the European way looking for a new point of view Objective • a political objective: to make excluded and exotic communities free • to enable them to express themselves without European meddling • Postcolonialism also awoke European minorities’ conscience: women, homosexuals and immigrated people, too started expressing with their own voice Main Features • Postcolonialism speaks to all minorities that are not free to speak by their own voice • An important concept in Posmodernism is “resistance”: against white people and against invaders, in favour of local culture • Every human science shall be revaluated because such matters have always had a Western-centric vision and need an alternative reading key • Another important theme of Postcolonialism is the contact between populations through immigration and integration Literal Devices Postcolonialism often uses realistic and social histories in his literature The device is used to present problems in the way in which they are felt by people It also uses slang words from ex-colonial countries and not common expressions and words (for example Foe) Conceptual Devices • Anthropology • Populations and cultures • Relativity • Decentered vision • Folklore • Exocitism • Social questions