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Mendel & Heredity Mendel Genotypes & Phenotypes Punnett squares Terminology Odds & Ends $100 $100 $100 $100 $100 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $300 $300 $300 $300 $300 $400 $400 $400 $400 $400 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 FINAL ROUND Mendel: $100 Question Mendel is often known as the father of ____________. ANSWER BACK TO GAME Mendel : $100 Answer Mendel is often known as the father of Genetics. BACK TO GAME Mendel : $200 Question Mendel chose to study what model organism? ANSWER BACK TO GAME Mendel $200 Answer Mendel chose to study what model organism? PEAS BACK TO GAME Mendel : $300 Question Dominant alleles are represented by a______________ letter. ANSWER BACK TO GAME Mendel : $300 Answer Dominant alleles are represented by a Capital letter. BACK TO GAME Mendel : $400 Question Recessive traits/alleles are always represented with a ____________ letter. ANSWER BACK TO GAME Mendel : $400 Answer Recessive traits/alleles are always represented with a lower case letter. BACK TO GAME Mendel : $500 Question An individual that posses two of the same allele is considered to be:____________ for that trait. ANSWER BACK TO GAME Mendel : $500 Answer An individual that posses two of the same allele is considered to be:Homozygous for that trait. BACK TO GAME Genotypes & Phenotypes: $100 Question What is a genotype? ANSWER BACK TO GAME Genotypes & Phenotypes : $100 Answer A genotype is: the set of alleles that an individual has for a character, the types of genes. BACK TO GAME Genotypes & Phenotypes : $200 Question What is a phenotype? ANSWER BACK TO GAME Genotypes & Phenotypes : $200 Answer A phenotype is: the physical appearance of a character. *Hint: Think Ph for phenotype & physical This is what an organism looks like. BACK TO GAME Genotypes & Phenotypes : $300 Question Given that: H=Hairy h=no hair Write the genotype & phenotype of an individual that is homozygous dominant for the hair gene. ANSWER BACK TO GAME Genotypes & Phenotypes : $300 Answer H=Hairy h=no hair Write the genotype & phenotype of an individual that is homozygous dominant for the hair gene. Genotype: HH Phenotype: Hairy BACK TO GAME Genotypes & Phenotypes : $400 Question H=Hairy h=no hair Write the genotype & phenotype of an individual that is heterozygous for the hair gene. ANSWER BACK TO GAME Genotypes & Phenotypes : $400 Answer H=Hairy h=no hair Write the genotype & phenotype of an individual that is heterozygous for the hair gene. Genotype:Hh Phenotype: Hairy BACK TO GAME Genotypes & Phenotypes : $500 Question H=Hairy h=no hair B=big feet b= normal feet Write the genotype & phenotype of an individual that is heterozygous for both traits. Think Dihybrid! ANSWER BACK TO GAME Genotypes & Phenotypes : $500 Answer H=Hairy h=no hair B=big feet b= normal feet Write the genotype & phenotype of an individual that is heterozygous for both traits. Genotype:HhBb Phenotype: Hairy & Big feet Remember to keep the Hs and Bs together, capital goes first in each set (Big “B” before little “b”) BACK TO GAME Punnett Squares: $100 Question A cross that looks only at one trait is known as a __________, while a cross that looks at two traits is known as a __________ cross. ANSWER BACK TO GAME Punnett Squares : $100 Answer A cross that looks only at one trait is known as a Monohybrid, while a cross that looks at two traits is known as a Dihybrid cross. BACK TO GAME Punnett Squares : $200 Question H=Hairy h=no hair Complete a Punnett square for a cross between A homozygous dominant individual and a homozygous recessive individual. Give the genotypic & phenotypic ratio of this cross ANSWER BACK TO GAME Punnett Squares : $200 Answer H=Hairy h=no hair Complete a Punnett square for a cross between A homozygous dominant individual and a homozygous recessive individual. Phenotypic H H Ratio: 100% Hairy h Hh individuals Hh h Hh Hh Genotypic Ratio: 100% Hh BACK TO GAME Punnett Squares : $300 Question H=Hairy h=no hair Complete a Punnett square for a cross between A homozygous recessive individual and a heterozygous individual. Give the genotypic & phenotypic ratio of this cross ANSWER BACK TO GAME Punnett Squares : $300 Answer H=Hairy h=no hair Complete a Punnett square for a cross between A homozygous recessive individual and a heterozygous individual. Phenotypic Ratio: 1:1 (Hairy : No Hair) H h h h Hh Hh hh Genotypic Ratio: 1:1 (Hh:hh) hh BACK TO GAME Punnett Squares : $400 Question In Bigfoots: H=Hairy h=no hair B=Big Feet b= normal feet Complete a Punnett square for a cross between an individual homozygous recessive for both traits and an individual heterozygous for both traits. Give the Phenotypic Ratio ANSWER BACK TO GAME Punnett Squares : $400 Answer Parental Genotypes: HhBb x hhbb HB hb HhBb Hb Hhbb hB hb hhBb hhbb Phenotypic Ratio: 1:1:1:1 (Hairy/Bigfeet:Hairy/normal feet: no hair/big feet : no hair: normal feet) hb hb Genotypic Ratio: 1:1:1:1 (HhBb:Hhbb:hhBb:hhbb) hb BACK TO GAME Punnett Squares : $500 Question In Bigfoots: H=Hairy h=no hair B=Big Feet b= normal feet Complete a Punnett square for a cross between two individuals heterozygous for both traits. 1.Write the Parental Genotypes 2.Give the Phenotypic Ratio ANSWER BACK TO GAME Punnett Squares : $500 Answer Parental Genotypes: HhBb x HhBb HB HB Hb HHBB HHBb Hb HHBb HHbb hB hb HhBB HhBb HhBb Hhbb hB HhBB HhBb hhBB hhBb hb HhBb HhBb hhBb hhbb Phenotypic Ratio: 9:3:3:1 (Hairy/Bigfeet:Hairy/normal feet: no hair/big feet : no hair: normal feet) Genotypic Ratio: 4:2:2:2:2:1:1:1:1 BACK TO GAME Terminology: $100 Question A ________ is the diagram used to predict the outcomes of genetic crosses. ANSWER BACK TO GAME Terminology: $100 Answer A Punnett Square is the diagram used to predict the outcomes of genetic crosses. BACK TO GAME Terminology: $200 Question A __________ is often prepared by geneticists, and represents a family history that shows how a trait is inherited. ANSWER BACK TO GAME Terminology: $200 Answer A Pedigree is often prepared by geneticists, and represents a family history that shows how a trait is inherited. BACK TO GAME Terminology: $300 Question Mendel insured that all his parent plants were ____________individuals, that is the offspring would all display only one form of the character. This term is the same as saying an individual is homozygous. ANSWER BACK TO GAME Terminology: $300 Answer Mendel insured that all his parent plants were Pure/TRUE Breeding individuals, that is the offspring would all display only one form of the character. BACK TO GAME Terminology: $400 Question __________ is when more than two different alleles exist for a gene. ANSWER BACK TO GAME Terminology: $400 Answer Multiple alleles is when more than two different alleles exist for a gene. BACK TO GAME Terminology: $500 Question An individual heterozygous for a sex-linked trait is known as a ______________. Only _________ can be this. ANSWER BACK TO GAME Terminology: $500 Answer An individual heterozygous for a sexlinked trait is known as a Carrier. Only Females can be this. BACK TO GAME Odds & Ends: $100 Question A characteristic that appears in every generation of offspring is called a ____________ characteristic. ANSWER BACK TO GAME Odds & Ends : $100 Answer A characteristic that appears in every generation of offspring is called a Dominant characteristic. BACK TO GAME Odds & Ends : $200 Question Crossing individuals and looking at two traits is known as a ___________ cross. ANSWER BACK TO GAME Odds & Ends : $200 Answer Crossing individuals and looking at two traits is known as a Dihybrid cross. Note: You could also have used a capital “L” BACK TO GAME Odds & Ends : $300 Question Crossing an individual with dominant phenotype, but an unknown genotype with a homozygous recessive individual is known as a _____ cross. ANSWER BACK TO GAME Odds & Ends : $300 Answer Crossing an individual with dominant phenotype, but an unknown genotype with a homozygous recessive individual is known as a Test cross. BACK TO GAME Odds & Ends : $400 Question A gene or trait that is typically coded for on the “X” chromosome is known as a ______________ trait. ANSWER BACK TO GAME Odds & Ends : $400 Answer A gene or trait that is typically coded for on the “X” chromosome is known as a sexlinked trait. BACK TO GAME Odds & Ends : $500 Question Describe how the inheritance of sex-linked, or X-linked traits is different in men & women. For women who can the trait come from? For men who can the trait come from? ANSWER BACK TO GAME Odds & Ends : $500 Answer Describe how the inheritance of sex-linked, or Xlinked traits is different in men & women. For women who can the trait come from? Can be inherited from mom or dad For men who can the trait come from? Can only be inherited from their mom because dad has to give them the “Y” chromosome. BACK TO GAME FINAL ROUND Question What is the difference between incomplete dominance/intermediate inheritance and co-dominance? Give an example of EACH! ANSWER BACK TO GAME FINAL ROUND Answer What is the difference between incomplete dominance/intermediate inheritance – is where there is a blending of traits (ex. Tall & short make medium, or red & white make pink. co-dominance- is where both traits are expressed/ show up in the heterozygote (ex. Red & white make red & white spotted) BACK TO GAME