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Austrian
Monkeys
Laws and
Terms
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Definitions
Looks &
Genetics
DNA
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This Austrian Monk is
known as the Father of
modern Genetics.
Who is Gregor Mendel
In his study of heredity
Mendel used this type of
plant.
Pea Plant
Through his research
Mendel developed
this.
The first workable
model of how
genetics works
The pea plant was ideal for
Mendel’s Research because
they had these features.
(list three)
Tall and Short,
Smooth and wrinkled
seeds, and Complete
flowers
In order to perform his
experiment Mendel need to
have this type of strain of
plants
Purebred
Define: Law of Dominance
Certain traits are dominant and
appear to make recessive traits
disappear.
Define: The Law of Independent
Assortment
Factors (genes) for certain
characteristics are passed from
one generation to the next
independently from other traits
Define a Dominant Trait
Expressive allele, indicated by a
capital letter.
Define a Recessive trait
The genes do not express
themselves; these are represented
by lower case letters
Define Probability
The likelihood that some
outcome will occur
Chromosome
Rod shaped bodies that occur in
pairs, carry the genetic make up
Genetics
The study of how traits are
passed
Genes
Heredity units located on the
chromosome
Homozygous
Condition in which two alleles in
a given location are the same
Heterozygous
Condition when two alleles at a
given location are different
Define Genotype
The Genetic composition of an
individual
Define Phenotype
How an allele expresses itself,
what it looks like
Is the following gene set
Heterozygous or Homozygous
BB
Homozygous
If you see a black cow standing
in a field, do you know its
phenotype or genotype? How?
(Black is dominant)
The phenotype is black (what it
looks like). You know that it has
at least one black gene, but you
cannot know the rest of its
genotype.
Define Meiosis
Process of cell division that
produces gametes, having a
haploid number of chromosomes
The shape of DNA is called a
Double Helix
List the four Nitrogen bases (full
names)
Adenine, Guanine, Thymine,
Cytosine
Which nitrogen bases are
purines?
Adenine & Guanine
How do the bases pair?
A-T & C-G
Which parent controls the gender
of offspring and why?
Male, because his chromosomes
are XY and the female is XX
meaning whatever the male
passes becomes the new
offspring's gender
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