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I. Observation or Introduction to the Problem II. History of Field or Background Information III. Hypothesis or Objectives IV. Methods of Study a. Techniques b. Experimental Design or Protocol V. Results (4-6 slides) VI. Summary (state the findings) VII. Conclusions, Speculations and Plans CHECK OUT THE ROOM IN ADVANCE SIZE OF ROOM PODIUM POINTER COMPUTER HOOKUP MICROPHONE SCREEN • felt vs thought or believe • incidence vs prevalence • phenomenon(na) • parameter vs variable • constitute vs comprise (consist) • effects vs affects #1 Mistake in Science Talks: The Assumption That the Audience Knows What You are Talking About Keep it Simple: Explain! Introduction- Observation Keep it simple: engage the audience Sets up the rationale for study Abstract talks: the first slide reflects title Long talks: Historical basis of problem Current understanding Background information Must have one and be able to state it •Make no assumptions •Be specific Tailor description to audience Simplify Explain methods Explain abbreviations and jargon Time line must be clear Methods In order to measure isoprostanes, we first collected pig urine Figures and Data Slides Declarative title Point to axes-describe 1 min per slide Speak to the slide Don’t over-interpret data Avoid tables! Common Errors in Data Display and Graphing Indexing/Proportionality Scaling Readability Complexity Credibility Summary After careful study, most investigators have concluded that tables generally stink as a way to portray information to an audience. Conclusion If you want to present a good talk, avoid tables. Proportionality Problems: What is a Doubling? Radius = 1 Area = r2 Volume = r3 r=2 Area = 4 Volume = 8 r=1 Area = 1 Volume = 3 r = 1.26 Area = 1.6 Volume = 2 Pa Pressure Doubled After Endotoxin 100 …. …………. SBP mmHg 50 …. … ………. 0 E TIME Ppa Ppa Doubles After Endotoxin 30 Ppa 20 10 0 E TIME X Increased after Treatment 100 X 0 … .. .. ... .. . .. .… PRE ..…. .. ..… … … .. .. .. . . POST X Increased after Treatment 100 . X . 0 PRE POST Substance P is a Potent Pressor 80 mmHg 70 PRE POST Substance P is a Mild Pressor 100 mmHg 0 PRE POST TGFb: Involvement in PPH Pathogenesis •Cell proliferation, differentiation •Apoptosis •Morphogenesis •Organogenesis Linkage & Disease Gene Hunting 2000+ Family Studies Chromosome Interval Candidate Genes Disease Mutation Met A T G Val G T C Ser T C A Leu C T G Gln C A A Pro C C G Cys T G T Genes in Interval * Genetic Mapping Computer Search 1. ESTs, unidentied 2. ESTs, unidentied 3. ESTs, highly similar to patched [Drosophila melanogaster] 4. Phosphofructokinase (PFK) 5. BMPR2 Positional & Functional candidate for PPH 6. ESTs, unidentied 7. Deleted in pancreatic cancer 1 (DPC1) 8. ESTs, unidentied HGP Mutation Detection A T G G T C T C A C T G T A A C C G T G T Met Val Ser Leu STOP Summary: be concise statement of facts Conclusions: meaning or lesson speculations Problems and Plans: what is next what to fix Oh, yes: finally • you probably shouldn’t make every slide a different font and color