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Mercer University W. Isom EGR-108 What is Down Syndrome? Facts most people do not know about Down Syndrome ↔ Trisomy 21 is another name for down syndrome. ↔ Down syndrome patients are at risk of being born with or obtaining acute leukemia. ↔ Down syndrome is named after John Langdon Down. ↔ Not all down syndrome patients have mental retardation. Characteristics ↔a flat nasal bridge ↔a protruding tongue ↔a short neck ↔excessive space between large toe and second toe ↔Most people with Down syndrome have mental retardation. ↔People with Down syndrome can have serious abnormalities affecting any body system. ↔They also may have a broad head and a very round face. Can Down syndrome be cured or prevented? Right now there is no cure for Down syndrome. Scientist are not certain how to prevent the chromosomal error that causes Down Syndrome. Parents can not do anything to cause or prevent the birth of their baby with Down syndrome. However, some women who have had a baby with Down syndrome had an abnormality in how their bodies process vitamin B. Some claim that high doses of vitamins given to children with Down syndrome will improve the mental performance and lessen the mental retardation. This theory has not yet been proven. What research is being conducted on Down syndrome? The March of Dimes is investigating why errors in chromosome division occur, in the hope of someday preventing Down syndrome and other birth defects caused by abnormalities in the number or structure of chromosomes. Other researchers are seeking to improve the outlook for children with Down syndrome. One example of this includes developing improved language intervention programs to help these children communicate more easily. Research continued Gene therapy shows the greatest promise for curing down syndrome. Gene therapy is the replacement of mutated genes with normal genes in the hope to cure the disease or defective caused by the mutated genes. Gene therapy technology is not quite adequate enough to guaranty success however it has had success in Antisense therapy. Life Expectancy One study, carried out in the United states in 2002, said that the lifespan is 49 years, with considerable variations between different ethnic and socio-economic groups. However, in recent decades, the life expectancy among persons with Down Syndrome has increased significantly up from 25 years in 1980. Yet there are rare occasions when down syndrome patients live 10 years longer. References ↔ Gene therapy. (1991, October 18). CQ Researcher, 1, 777-800. Retrieved March 19, 2008, from CQ Researcher Online, http://library.cqpress.com/cqresearcher/cqresrre1991101800. ↔ Kliewer, C (1998). Schooling children with Down syndrome : toward an understanding of possibility. New York , New York : Teachers College Press. ↔ Strydom, André (2003).Down's syndrome. Lancet. 362, 80-81. ↔ Hernandez D and Fisher EMC. Down syndrome genetics: unraveling a multifactorial disorder. Hum. mol. Genet., 5: 14111416, 2005 ↔ Down Syndrome Treatment. (March 19, 2008). e Medicine Health ↔ http://video.about.com/pediatrics/Down-Syndrome.htm ↔ http://www.nbdpn.org/current/2007pdf/DS_Eng.pdf ↔ http://www.neatorama.com/category/mentalfloss/page/2/