Download Biology - Images

Biology
 Biology is the Study of LIFE
 Biology includes the study of life at all levels:
biochemical, cellular, organs, organism, populations
and ecosystems
 All Science uses the scientific method to help
understand the living and non living world
 Sciences can not be totally studied in isolation (when
studying Biology, we will look at: chemistry, geology,
astrophysics, and others)
Chemistry of Biology

Four groups of organic molecules in living things
(organisms)
1. Carbohydrates: quick energy (sugars, starches)
2. Proteins: long chains of amino acids (20)
3. Lipids: ( fats, cholesterol, earwax)
4. Nucleic acids: (DNA and RNA)
Characteristics of Living Organisms
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Made up of cells (tiny organized structures)
Reproduce on their own (bacteria, plants)
Metabolism (break down foods)
Cellular organization
All living things (organisms) have a Life Cycle
Scientific Method


1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
(an organized way of thinking about things, solving
problems and answering questions)
Steps of the Scientific Method:
Observations
Questions
Hypothesis (educated guess)
Predications
Controlled testing
Conclusions
Controlled Testing (experiments)

Groups to be compared
 Scientist has good idea of expected results
1. Control Group – no changes are made
2. Experimental Group – one change is made
 Condition changed is the variable (temp, food,
fertilizer given to experimental group)
 Hypothesis of test is a possible explanation for the
expected results of the experiment. A hypothesis
that is not supported is rejected.
Experiment


Control Group no AZT
Experimental Group
AZT is given to patients
 Variable is AZT
 Results:
1. Living longer is a result
of taking AZT therefore:
Living Longer is
Dependent on AZT
(Independent variable)
Safe Laboratory Procedures
 Glassware: very hard glass so when it breaks is
shatters, wear glasses when using glassware, jagged
edges are very sharp on cracked glassware
 Flames: not loose clothing, hair should be up, glasses,
careful handling, not horse play around flames, use
utmost caution
 Chemicals: wear glasses, not eating drinking or
touching eyes. Treat all chemicals as poisons, clean up
spills, wash hands after using, report all problems
immediately
Design an Experiment
 What is the question?
 How will you design an experiment using control and
experimental group?
 What is the expected results?
 Record the results in table as numbers
 Make a Graph
 Analyze the graph
 Make a conclusion