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Matter &
Bonding
Carbs
Proteins
Lipids
Nucleic
Acids
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All matter occupies ______
and has ______?
All matter occupies space &
has mass
The smallest particle of
carbon that can retain the
chemical properties of carbon
is
A carbon atom
What is the difference
between ionic and covalent
bonding?
Ionic bonds: electrons are
exchanged or donated
between atoms
Covalent bonds: electrons are
shared between atoms
All organic compounds
contain what element?
Carbon
Carbon has 4 valance
electrons. Why is it more
stable when it forms a
compound?
It obtains 4 more electrons
and the outer orbital filled.
-satisfies the octet rule!
What is the monomer for
carbohydrates?
Monosaccharide
What is an example of a sugar
“type” carbohydrate?
Glucose, sucrose, fructose…
What is the structure of a
carbohydrate?
Basic ring structure
What is a function of
carbohydrates?
Source of energy and
structural material
Give 2 unique features
associated with carbon
-has 4 electrons in its
outermost orbital
-can from single, double, or
triple bonds with other atoms
-readily bonds with other
carbon atoms
What is the monomer for
proteins?
Amino acids
What part of the an amino
acid structure varies to create
different proteins?
The R group
What is a function of proteins?
Enzymes, build muscle, skin,
and hair
Enzymes help to accelerate
chemical reactions, so they
are also called
Biological catalysts
An organism may have
thousands of different
enzymes, without enzymes,
the chemical reactions in the
body would
Occur too slowly to support
life processes
What is the monomer for
lipids?
Fatty acids
What is a function of lipids?
Store energy and protection
All of the following are
examples of lipids except
what?
-saturated fats
-cholesterol
-starch
-earwax
Starch
Saturated fatty acids contain
what kind of bonds?
Single Bonds
Why are lipids able to store more
energy than other organic
molecules?
Lipids contain more C-C and
C-H bonds
What is the monomer for nucleic
acids?
Nucleotide
What is a function of nucleic
acids?
To store and transfer
information
What are 2 examples of
nucleic acids?
DNA & RNA
What are the six most
common elements in living
things?
NCHOPS
Name the process that builds
polymers and macromolecules
and releases a water
molecule. Also name the
opposite reaction.
-Dehydration
-Hydrolysis is the opposite
reaction. It uses water
molecules to break apart
polymers or macromolecules.