Download History of Treatment

Chapter 17: Therapy
Overview and
History
Definition of treatment

When is treatment
necessary?

Inpatient vs.
outpatient

Psychotherapy vs.
biomedical
History of Treatment
 Prior
to 1700’s
 Cause
of mental illness was possession
by evil spirits or imbalance of body
chemicals
 Treatment included trephining, bleeding,
or torture.
History of Treatment
Pre-scientific treatment
History of Treatment
Pre-scientific treatment
Reform movement
•
1700 – 1900
 People
with psychological disorders are
"madmen" who should be caged in
order to protect society.
 Anyone undesirable - criminals, lepers,
old people, and the mentally ill - was
confined in asylums.
 Dungeons with horrible conditions.
Reform Movement
Reform Movement

Philippe Pinel
–
–
Called for improved
treatment of the insane
Madness was a sickness
caused by distress and
inhumane conditions
Reform Movement

Dorthea Dix
–
–
Worked to improve
conditions In mental
hospitals
Called for the building
of “hospitals” to
replace insane
asylums.
Trenton
Mental
Hospital
Trenton, NJ
Modern Therapy
 The
reforms of Pinel and Dix led to
the modern medical model.
Modern Therapy
 The
–
–
Medical Model
“Madness” is a mental illness that can be
diagnosed, treated, and cured
Has links to modern insights into genetic
causes of disorders and modern
biomedical treatments
Modern Therapy
 The
Bio-Psycho-Social Model
Behavior is the result of interaction
between nature and nurture
– To attribute a disorder to “illness” is to
say that the cause is purely internal
–
Modern Therapy
 Two
–
approaches:
Psychotherapy
 A planned,
emotionally charged
interaction between a trained, socially
sanctioned healer and the sufferer
Modern Therapy
 Two
–
approaches:
Biomedical Therapy
 Drug
therapies and medical procedures
designed to cure the mental illness
Modern Therapy
 Psychotherapies:
Over 250 types of psychotherapies
exist
– The most influential:
–
 Psychoanalysis
 Humanistic
}
Therapy
 Cognitive Therapy
 Behavior Therapy
Insight
Therapy
Modern Therapy
 Biomedical
Treatments:
Drug Therapy
– Electro-convulsive shock therapy
– Psychosurgery
–
Psychosurgery
 What
is a lobotomy?
Modern Therapy