Download Tobacco Unit 1

Bell Ringer #1
 Answer this question in 2 paragraphs,
at least 5 sentences each.
 Why do you think teenagers choose
to start smoking, even though they
know it’s illegal? Also, why would
they start with knowing all of the
negative health consequences?
Tobacco
Nicotiana tabacum
The largest single preventable cause of illness and
premature death in the United States
Classification of Smokers
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Stimulation
Handling - oral gratification
Pleasurable relaxation
Crutch - tension reduction
Craving - addiction
Habit
Stimulation
 A person who gets a lift from smoking
 The perking up effect is due to
nicotine
Handling
 Oral gratification
 Handle or manipulate
 Fulfills certain emotional needs
Pleasurable Relaxation
 One smokes for positive feelings:
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Contentment
Achievement
Victory
Satisfaction
Crutch
 One uses cigarettes to manage
negative effects ( used as a
tranquilizer):
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Tension reduction
Stressful situations
Anger
Anxiety
Craving
 Psychological and physical addiction
 Quitting smoking is difficult
 The smoker craves a cigarette first to
increase positive feelings and second
to decrease negative feelings of
withdrawal
Habit
 A behavioral pattern has been
established
 Smoking loses its former functions
 Relaxation, emotional needs
 Smoker gets little satisfaction
Consequences of Smoking
Statistics and Diseases
Research Finding
 Male smokers have approximately twice
the cancer death rate as nonsmokers
 Female smokers have approximately 40%
the cancer death rate as nonsmokers
 Deaths associated with cigarette smoking
have ranged up to nearly 500,000 per
year. Coronary heart disease, lung cancer,
chronic obstructive lung disease
Research Finding
 Life expectancy is shortened by 8 to 9
years
 Death rates increase with the amount of
cigarettes smoked and are proportional to
the duration of smoking
 More chronic health conditions occur, such
has:
 Bronchitis, emphysema, sinusitis, peptic
ulcer, arteriosclerosis heart disease
Research Finding
 Acute health conditions increase:
 Influenza, asthma, sinusitis, bronchitis
 Males 14% higher for acute conditions
 Females 21% higher for acute conditions
Research Finding
 In the United States an estimated 25
million men (25.7%) and 22.6 million
women ( 21.5%) are smokers
 More than 6,000 people under the
age of 18 try a cigarette each day
 Each day more than 3,000 persons
under the age of 18 become daily
smokers
Research Finding
Pregnancy and Infants
 The more a women smokes during
pregnancy, the greater the reduction in
infant birth weight
 Risks:
 Spontaneous miscarriage
 Fetal death
 Placental disorders
 Bleeding
 Pre - term delivery
Research Finding
Pregnancy and Infants
 Infant Risks:
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Long term growth
Intellectual development
Behavioral characteristics
SIDs (sudden infant death syndrome)
Involuntary/Passive Smoke
(Second Hand Smoke)
 Irritation of the eyes, nose and throat
 Experience stress, coughing,
wheezing, allergic reaction, asthma
 Increases risk of lung cancer among
nonsmokers by 34%
 20% of lung cancer deaths among
nonsmokers are attributed to passive
smoke
A Gateway Drug
 Smoking is one of the primary
sources of drug interaction in the
human body
 Tolerance: reduced sensitivity
resulting in the need for increased
dosage to achieve the desired drug
effect
Constituents of Tobacco
There are over 4,000 other harmful
chemicals that can be found in
tobacco smoke!!
Chemical Constituents
 Nicotine ( causes addiction )
 Carbon Monoxide ( exhaust from cars
)
 Formaldehyde ( preserves dead
bodies )
 Ammonia ( cleaner )
 Carbon Dioxide ( global warming )
 Tar (contains several carcinogens)
Metal Constituents
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Aluminum
Copper
Lead
Mercury
Zinc
Nicotine Addiction
What Causes Nicotine
Addiction?
 Nicotine is an addictive drug
 It causes chemical changes in the
brain
 Causes unpleasant withdrawal
symptoms similar to heroin or
cocaine.
 Good feelings that result when
nicotine is present and bad feelings
when it is absent
What else does Nicotine do to
the Body ?
 The body responds immediately the
chemical nicotine
 Causes short term increase in;
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Blood pressure
Heart rate
Flow of blood from the heart
Arteries narrow
What else does Nicotine do to
the Body ?
 Carbon monoxide reduces the amount
of oxygen the blood can carry
 Creates an imbalance between the
demand for oxygen by the cells and
the amount of oxygen the blood can
supply
How does Carbon Monoxide
increase the risk of heart
attacks?
 Hardening of the arteries:
 Carbon monoxide may damage the
inner walls of the arteries
 Encourages the buildup of fat in the
arteries
 Vessels narrow and harden
How does Nicotine increase the
risk of heart attacks?
 Causes several changes in the blood
that form blood clots
 Heart attacks and Strokes are more
likely
Symptoms of Nicotine
Withdrawal
 Nicotine is rapidly eliminated by the
kidneys. It remains in the body for
about two hours
 Symptoms:
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Irritability
Impatience
Hostility
Anxiety
Depression
Difficulty concentrating
Smokeless Tobacco
Three Forms
 Plug
 Shredded tobacco leaves which are pressed into
a hard block and placed between the cheek and
gum (a wad).
 Chew
 Shredded tobacco leaves placed between the
cheek and gum (a wad).
 Snuff
 Ground-up moist tobacco placed between the
bottom lip and gum (dipping).
Ingredients
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Nicotine
Carcinogens (nitro amines)
Sweeteners (sugars and flavorings)
Abrasives
Salt
Other chemicals (hundreds of other
chemicals)
Risks
 Mouth Cancer (50% higher)
 Throat / Stomach Cancer (larynx /
esophagus)
 Heart Disease
 Dental diseases
 Peptic Ulcers
 Loss of taste and smell
 Decrease in physical well being
Nicotine Addiction
 Nicotine is just as addictive as
cocaine or heroin
 Each tin of snuff contains a lethal
dose of nicotine
 Holding a chew or dip in your mouth
for 30 minutes equals four
cigarettes
Quitting Tips
 Make a list of all the reason you want
to quit
 Pick a date to quit and make it public
 Make it difficult to use tobacco
 Get more exercise
 Avoid situation and people that use
 Get nicotine out of the body
 Reward yourself frequently
How to Say No
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Just say “NO”
Leave the area
Make an excuse
Suggest a better idea
Explain the dangers of chewing