Download Number of countries and territories

Getting to Zero
UNAIDS 2011-2015 STRATEGY
Ø Zero new HIV infections
Ø Zero AIDS-related deaths
Ø Zero discrimination
CAJP-OAS/ Washington, April 2011
Created in 1994 by a resolution of the United Nations Economic and Social
Council (ECOSOC),the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS has been
functioning since 1996.
UNAIDS provides global leadership in response to the AIDS epidemic by
fostering political incentives, catalyzing transformative social movements and
making resources available, thereby ensuring execution of effective national
strategies, multisectoral participation and respect for the human rights of
those affected.
UNAIDS combines the work of ten UN organizations (UNHCR, UNICEF, WFP,
UNDP, UNFPA, UNODC, ILO, UNESCO, WHO, and the World Bank) and the
Secretariat, following a biennial work plan to optimize coherence, coordination
and the effects of the UN response to the AIDS epidemic, in support of the
countries.
Three strategic guidelines for renewing
the global response to HIV
• Revolutionize HIV prevention
• Catalyze the next phase of treatment, care and
support
• Advance human rights and gender equality for
the HIV response
HIV Prevalence in 2010
The general prevalence rate in the region has
remained relatively stable at 0.5% (2006) to
0.4% (2010).
However….
Much higher prevalence rates have been
identified in more exposed population groups.
Adult Prevalence %
2.0 – 5.0%
1.0 – <2.0%
.5 – < 1.0%
.1 – < .5%
< .1%
Source: UNAIDS Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic 2010
UNAIDS
Estimated Percentage of Adults Living with HIV in the Caribbean:
Females-Males: 1990-2007. UNAIDS/WHO 2008
Females
80%
76%
70%
70%
63%
60%
Percentage
Males
59%
57%
41%
43%
50%
40%
37%
30%
20%
30%
24%
10%
0%
1990
1995
2000
Years
2005
2007
Comparing Adult HIV Prevalence and HIV Prevalence Among Caribbean MSM
2005-2007
Country
Adult HIV Prevalence Rate in 2007
BHA
3%
GUY
2.5%
SUR 2.4%
8.2%
21%
6.7%
JAM 1.6%
31.8%
TNT 1.5%
DOR 1.1%
0.00%
HIV Prevalence Among MSM
20%
11%
5.00%
10.00%
15.00%
20.00%
HIV Prevalence
25.00%
30.00%
35.00%
40.00%
The epidemic in Latin America is concentrated in certain population groups
20.0%
18.0%
16.0%
MSM
SW
IDU
PP
14.0%
12.0%
10.0%
8.0%
PW
6.0%
4.0%
2.0%
0.0%
Argentina
Bolivia
El Salvador
Guatemala
Honduras
Panama
Paraguay
UNAIDS
Uruguay
Brazil
Ecuador
Mexico
Peru
Modes of transmission in Peru, 2010
Estimate of new sexually transmitted cases each year,
among different population groups
MSM
54.97%
Most exposed groups
Low-risk heterosexual
15.97%
Partners of clients of sex workers
6.36%
Casual heterosexual sex
6.30%
Female partners of MSM
6.22%
Partners (casual heterosexual sex)
5.54%
Injecting drug users
1.98%
Clients of sex workers
1.33%
Sex workers
0.89%
Medical injections
0.23%
Partners (injecting drug users)
0.22%
Blood transfusions
0.0%
No risk
0.0%
0
Source: Regional UNGASS Report, UNAIDS 2010
The increase in the amount of
strategic information
available indicates that sex
between men is the principal
mode by which HIV is
transmitted in Latin America.
These studies need to be
replicated in the other
countries.
10
20
30
40
%
50
60
Legislation and sexual diversity
HIV Prevalence among MSM in Caribbean Countries which criminalise or
not Homosexuality. UNAIDS Keeping Score II. 2008
35.00%
HIV Prevalence
30.00%
25.00%
20.00%
15.00%
10.00%
5.00%
0.00%
JAM
GUY
TNT
Criminalising Homosexuality
DOR
BAH
SUR
CUB
Not Criminalising Homosexuality
Number of countries and
territories*
Focus efforts on the laws that shape the
responses to
HIV
Obstacles in
access to
services
Travel
restriction
s
Criminalizatio
nof HIV
Criminalizatio
n of sexual
relation
s
SW
Laws
Criminalizatio
n of IDUs
Number of Countries and Territories*
*Number of countries and territories with certain laws that shape the response to HIV. The data were
compiled
from
209 countries
and territories. Not every country or territory supplied information on each type
of law.
Source: GNP et al.
Impact of the stigma and discrimination on the access to HIV prevention, treatment, care
and support, as perceived by civil society
Latin America
Little or no
stigma and/or
discrimination
(S&D)
Prevention
Treatment
Experienced
S&D when
accessing
services
Afraid
to
access
services
Denied
access
to
services
Difficult or
impossible for
some other
reason
Sexual and reproductive health services
Care and support
Source: Summary report of the data received from Latin America and the Caribbean during the 2010 UNAIDS Programme Coordination Board
(PCB) NGO Consultation 2010
UNAIDS
Don’t know
In 2008, the percentage spent on key population groups was low
or nothing when compared to the percentage spent on the
general population.
25%
Source: Rodriguez-Garcia,
Gaillard and Arán.
20%
15%
Others
Pregnant Women
PP
IDU
10%
MSW
MSM
5%
0%
Study Countries
Comparison Countries
UNAIDS
Partnerships in a new world
Effective partnerships remain fundamental to successful and sustainable HIV responses.
Partnerships give voice to the people who are infected and affected,
act as a catalytic force for change,
and provide accountability for political commitments.
Effective partnerships must enable nationally owned responses, foster South–South cooperation
and move beyond the traditional HIV and health sectors to broader development areas.
These partnerships must include political alliances that link HIV movements with
movements seeking justice through social change.