Download 9B Fitness NH

Science Key Words
TOPIC 9 B- FITNESS
The S Factors…
STRENGTH
SUPPLENESS
SPEED
STAMINA
Explain each of these words. Make a note.
The table below shows how well different sports develop the four S-factors.
Sport
Suppleness
Strength
Stamina
Speed
hiking
*
**
***
*
jogging
**
**
****
*
disco dancing
***
*
***
*
hard cycling
**
***
****
*
swimming
****
****
****
**
weight
training
*
****
*
*
gymnastics
****
***
**
**
football
***
***
***
***
tennis
***
**
***
***
Key
•little effect
**good
*** very good
****excellent
1 Which of these sports would be the best to develop all round fitness? Explain your answer.
2 Which sports would be the best to develop faster reaction times?
3 Which sports would be the best to develop your strength?
4 What activities would you suggest for the following people?
A a Year 9 girl who hates sports
B a middle-aged man who has recently recovered from a heart attack
C a 30-year-old woman who fractured her femur (thigh bone) and has recently had her plaster cast
removed.
9Ba4 Organ systems
System
Main organs
Function
respiratory (or breathing)
digestive
circulatory
skeletal
There are seven organ systems altogether.
Name one other system apart from the ones mentioned above.
How do famous sports people stay healthy?
What is respiration?
How do things make energy?
oxygen + glucose  water + carbon dioxide (+ energy)
For all your cells to be able to respire, three organ systems need to be working
well: the respiratory (or breathing) system, the digestive system and the
circulatory system. Using the information and the diagram on this sheet, write
two or three paragraphs to clearly explain how your cells get the raw materials
that they need to respire. Use as many scientific words as you can.
What do we breathe in and out?
How much have you learned?
.
.
.
Heart
.
.
.
How lifestyle affects the heart
Heart problems are made worse by an unhealthy
lifestyle.
• Smoking causes high blood pressure.
• Eating too much makes you overweight so your
heart has to work harder to supply your body.
• Stress makes your blood pressure higher.
Apart from avoiding these things, what else can
you do to keep your heart healthy?
• Exercise.
Healthy / Unhealthy
How do the lungs work?
• Results Analysis:
Average results
Graphs
Patterns
• Conclusion:
• Evaluation:
Smoking!!
Smoking and breathing
Cilia sweep mucus and
trapped debris up to
the throat where it is
swallowed.
Hot gases in cigarette smoke paralyse the cilia
so mucus builds up in the bronchioles.
Epithelial cells and smoking
• The lungs are moist, have a big
surface and are very thin, so
that….
• The ciliated epithelial cells in the
lungs…….
• The goblet cells….
• The smoke particles from cigarettes …..
• The tar in the some ……
• The nicotine is poisonous drug that….
What is a drug??
Harmful chemicals
Cigarette smoke contains many harmful substances:
• Carbon particles that cause cancer.
• Tar that causes cancer.
• Nicotine that is addictive and makes it very hard
for smokers to stop smoking.
• Chemicals that pass across the placenta and
harm an unborn embryo.
How did we find out smoking was harmful?
Graphs like this show correlations, or patterns,
but they don’t prove it was smoking that
affected the health of these people.
Smoker’s Quiz
• What is a ‘smoker’s cough’ caused by??
• What is on the side of most cigarette packets??
• Cigars and pips are less harmful than cigarettestrue/false??
• How can a smoker be helped to quit??
• How are cigarette makers are trying to target
children and young adults??
No smoking
Design a poster or leaflet to tell younger pupils
about the dangers of smoking.
How much have you learned?
.
.
.
Drugs
.
.
.
What are drugs?
• What are drugs?
• Where do we find them?
• What do they do?
Drugs
A drug is any substance
that changes the way
the body works
physically or mentally.
Stimmulant drugsDepressive drugsWhen you are ill you may get medicines
containing drugs from a doctor or a chemist.
Recreational drugs
People take recreational drugs because of the
effect they have on the body.
• Tobacco, coffee, cola and alcoholic drinks all
contain legal recreational drugs.
• Some recreational drugs are illegal because
they have so many harmful effects.
Alcohol
Alcohol affects the
nervous system. It is a
depressant that slows
down your reaction time.
Excessive drinking hardens the liver so it cannot
function properly. It also causes permanent
memory damage.
Units of alcohol
It takes about 1 hour for your liver to get rid of
1 unit of alcohol.
A unit is equivalent to the alcohol in 1 small
glass of wine or half a pint of beer.
The developing baby
•
This is a human e_______. It is the
developing baby up to about 8
8 weeks of age.
Where does it get its food from?
How does it breathe?
Why do you think the mother shouldn’t do these things?
Diet and health
We all need a b__________ d_______ to
provide our body with the nutrients for
g______, r________ and energy for life.
• Carbohydrates:
• Fats:
• Protein:
• Vitamins and minerals:
• Water:
• Roughage/fibre:
Research time…
• What can you find out about excessive
sunshine and ultraviolet (uv rays)
damaging the body? What can you do to
reduce or avoid it??
• Make a colourful poster to highlight these
ideas.