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The forensic examination in M.P. Police work dates back to 1958 with a setup of Scientific
section in the C.I.D. at Bhopal. In 1964 it was shifted to Sagar. Since then it started as an
independent Forensic Science Laboratory at Sagar with facilities for examination of crime
exhibits related to Forensic Physics, Ballistics, Biology & Chemistry. In July 1977, the
Laboratory acquired its own building and the analytical examination pertaining to poisons
in viscera also started The changes in the nature of crime, its extent and ingenuity has
brought-up new cells for the examination of Explosive residues, Narcotics, Documents,
Serology. The training cell looks after the needs of Human Resource Development.
LAB. BUILDING
AddressForensic
Science
Telephone
Laboratory,
No.
Civil
Lines,
07582-261307(Director)
Sagar,
Pin
470
001
07582-264291(Office)
e-mail : [email protected]
IMPORTANCE OF FORENSIC SCIENCE
Forensic Science is, application of principles of various faculties of Science and Technology
to bring facts before the Judicial System. The word meaning of "Forensic" is "Pertaining to
Courts of Law.

The main function of Forensic Science in the Police work is to examine, interpret
and give reports on the clues left over or taken over by the Criminals from the
Scene of Crime. It is Scientific Aid to the Criminal Investigation of Police.

In Madhya Pradesh under the Home Police Department. Forensic Science
Laboratories Services are available.

The Forensic Science Laboratories Services works under the administrative control
of Criminal Investigation Department of Police Head Quarter and provides two
types of services.
1. Laboratories Services - To give reports based on the established principles of Science
on the physical clues referred for examination. For this purpose State Forensic Science
Laboratory Sagar and Regional Forensic Science Laboratories Indore and Gwalior are
available these laboratories work under the control of Director, Forensic Science
Laboratory, Sagar.
2. Scene of Crime Mobile Units - Scene of Crime Units are established for spot
examination of Scenes of Crime at district level. These unit extend assistance to
investigating officers in identification, collection and preservation of physical clues and
reconstruct the occurrence on the basis of clues. These units work under District
Superintendent of Police.
Crimes where scientific investigation can be useful 
Murder/Attempt to murder.

Suspected death/unidentified bodies- skeletons.

Cases related to firearms.

House breaking.

Motor accident/ Theft.

Counterfeit coins /Currency notes.

Poisoning.

Criminal Abortions.

Theft of Telephone and electrics wires/cables.

Hanging.

Narcotics.

Explosives.

Disputed documents.

Computer Crime.

Sexual offence.


Trade and Mercantile act.
Cases of Adulteration.
Why it is important to secure Scene of Crime
The criminal either leaves or carries with him physical clue from the Scene of Crime
or the victim. These physical clues are important for
establishment of criminal's presence at the Scene of Crime.
identification
and
Type of physical clues which are found on Scene of Crime and are important for identification of
criminal.

Finger print, foot or footwear print, tool marks, tyre and skid marks.

Fibers, threads, clothes, hair.

Blood, semen, saliva, sweat, tears, skin, tissues, nails,

Oil, grease, paint, distemper, varnish.

Firearms, fired and empty cartridges, bullets, wads, pellets, blackening and
tattooing.

Marks of bullets or pellets on injured/deceased, wall-roof, doors-windows,
furniture, vehicles, trees etc.

Residues of explosives.

Exploded remnants, explosion site.

Metal /paper, wood, plastics, concrete, paint, pieces and shreds of glass, earth
(soil) sand.

Chemical liquids and powders, intoxicants and poisons, empty/filled bottles,
tumblers.

Utensils used in cooking, remnants of consumed food, vomit, mopped up remnants
cloths/ any other equipment used for cleaning up.

Tablets, powder, capsules, injections and liquid of narcotics, plants of opium,
tobacco, ganja, bhang, doda powder, heroin, drugs and smack, morphine and
diazepam.

Inflammable used in arson, kerosene oil, diesel, petrol, alcohol, L.P.G., container of
chemicals and / remnants marks of burning and singeing, material used to
extinguish the fire, matches, partially burnt stubs of cigarette, bidi, lighter or any
other equipment, cinders, electrical faults, sunbeam, microbial activity.

Acid, alkali, vegetable/machine oil, talcum powder, tooth-paste, jelly, adulterated
material, perfume liquid.

Documents, papers, carbon, blotting paper, cheques, bank drafts, tickets, letter
pads, lottery tickets, rubber stamps, erased written material, liquid used as eraser.

Accidental vehicles and their broken parts, skid marks, injury marks on the person
of deceased /victim, torn clothes, marks of grease/paint/oil/soil on the clothes, tyre
marks, pieces of glass/plastics/metal.

Buried, Skeleton, type of injuries on the person of deceased /injured, weapons or

their remnants, butts of cigarette/bidis, marks of violence.
Tempered numbers /writing on metal, plastic, wood and paper.
Important points for Investigation officers to be remembered at spot
Inform superior officers, Distt. Scene of Crime Unit, finger print expert, sniffer dog
and other experts required according to crime. Do not use telephone of the spot for
this purpose.

An undisturbed Scene of Crime yields valuable clues.

If the injured victim is alive shift him for medical aid otherwise preserve the scene
of crime.

Cordon off the area with rope, tape or stones according to the crime committed. In
the process the crime scene should remain intact and undisturbed as material and
marks may be used as important evidence.

Do not enter or touch the scene of crime and not allow any one to do so either until
the scene of crime has been photographed and recorded. You are liable to leave
prints which may interfere or destroy the prints left by the accused and these are
likely to mislead /confuse the snuffer dog.
Do not use / operate or allow any one to do so until the collection of physical clues 
The telephone/mobile phone, fax machine, computer, T.V., tape recorder, fridge,
fans, electric switches, gas and other appliances found at the scene of crime.

Bathroom, washbasins, toilets, toiletries, furniture.


Food, utensils and other cooking vessels and do not light gas/stoves of kitchen.
Keep the firearm live and used cartridges/bullets as it is on the spot.
Possible places of finding physical clues -
Indoor Scene of Crime Approaches, places of entries & exits, Boundary walls, garage, means of transport, doors,
windows, wall & ceiling, doormat, floors, almirah, cupboard, boxes, furniture, wardrobe,
safe (vault), show case, drawing room, places where expensive goods are stored, inner/
outer side of walls, paint & varnish on the furniture, electric gadgets, telephones, mobile
phones, fax machine, computer, switchboard, fuse box, photo frames, bathroom, water
tank, sewer tank, flush tank, drains, writing pads, registers, papers stationary bedding,
sofa, stool, ladders, rope, wire, sari, dupatta, clothing of deceased/victim, bullet/pellet
dents on walls furniture etc. as well as holes/abrasions caused on the person by firearm
shot. Tattooing, blackening, singeing marks. Broken locks, deformed chains, upturned
furniture, scattered material, clothes and other domestic belongings.
Outdoor Scene of Crime Area around at the scene of crime, entries and exit to the scene, mode of transport used.
Nearby buildings, trees, drains, nullah, river, lake, bushes, forest, ruins of old buildings,
barren areas, dumping ground for waste, godowns, warehouse, water tanks, culverts,
drain pipes.
ORGANIZATION OF FORENSIC SCIENCE LABORATORIES
Analytical Examination:The exhibits examination work of Forensic Science Laboratory at Sagar is divided in 6
divisions under the discipline of Physics, Chemistry & Biology. In addition to it a Training
cell is also working. The Joint Director is the head of each division and is supported by
Senior Scientific Officer, Scientific Officer, Lab. Technician, Lab. Assistant, Lab. Attendant
for examination of cases. The work under taken in each division is as under:-
Physics 
Tool marks, Telegraph copper wire, electrical wires etc. to ascertain their
correspondence to tools and wires of respective scenes of crime

Mechanical fit of metallic pieces, glass pieces, fabrics etc. to know the origin,
nature, composition and causation factors.

Restoration of obliterated/erased/filed writing and numbers on various metallic
surfaces.

Tyre, Foot-wear and foot prints for identification and matching

Paints, soil, dirt/dust, glass, metal. to know the origin, nature and composition

Trace elemental analysis by modern instrumental methods.


Spurious articles to establish infringement of Trade Mark Act
Matching of skull with photograph.
ATOMIC ABSORPTION
FTIR SPECTROMETER
SPECTROPHOTOMETER
ICP SPECTROPHOTOMETER
Photography section 
To take macro & micro photographs of exhibits of various divisions of the
laboratory and prepare prints for presentation in courts.

To assist experts at scene of crime for photography work.

To conduct videography as and when required in the laboratory and at the scene of
crime.

Prepare slides, transparencies and other projection material for audio-visual
presentation.

Colour Photography and processing.

Documentation - microfilming - lamination.


To photograph the exhibits in infrared, ultra-violet, X-ray.
To assist in skull-photo super imposition examination.
ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROPHOTOMETER
Document cell 
Document examination pertaining to alteration, addition, obliteration, erasures,
seal marks comparison, paper, ink, typed & printed matter.

Forged lottery tickets, journey tickets, stamp papers, cheques, drafts etc. for their
genuineness.
Note:- The work relating to document examination shown in point 1 & 2 is also
undertaken by the Laboratory of State Questioned Document Examiner, Bhopal.
Ballistics 
Examination of fire arms, cartridges, bullets, cases, pellets, wads, burnt and
unburnt powder grains. To ascertain their caliber, make, model, type and to a
establish link to the fire arms and crime


Problems pertaining to Arms Act.
Reconstruction of crime scene pertaining to fire arms.
FIRING RANGE
COMPARISION MICROSCOPE
Explosives Cell Examination of only exploded residues and cause of explosion. The live explosives are
neither handled nor examined in this laboratory.
EXPLOSIVE LAB.
Chemistry 
To determine qualitative and quantitative composition of Chemical powders, dyes,
organic & inorganic substances .

Presence of inflammable fluids in burnt residues of arson and fire cases.

Adulteration in edible oils, petroleum products, cement.,clay, plastics, rubber and

other material to ascertain its presence, purity, genuineness etc.
Cases pertaining to traps referred by special police establishment of Lokayukta.
CHEMISTRY LAB.
GAS CHROMATOGRAPH WITH PYROJECTOR
Excise & Narcotics wing 
Estimation of alcohol in factory/ country made liquors.

Identification of Opium, Cocaine, Ganja, Bhang and allied products.

Identification of Heroin, LSD, Brown Sugar and other narcotic drugs and Psychoactive substances.
Toxicology 
Examination of human and animal viscera for presence of poisons of vegetable,
pesticides & insecticides, inorganic, alcohol, drugs and alkaloids origin.

Examination of vomit, blood, urine, stomach wash, food, tablets powders, syringes,
needles and other substances seized at crime scene for determination of poison.
UV SPECTROPHOTOMETER
Biology/Serology 
Blood stains, seminal stains and other body fluids, e.g., saliva, sweat, urine, milk
etc. to ascertain their origin and to establish their blood group. Serological
examination of blood stains and other biological stains for determination of species
and grouping.

Morphological examination of human and animal hairs.

Plant & vegetable material e.g., seeds, leaf, bark, wood, flower etc.

Identification of minute vegetable forms such as micro organism, algae,fungi,
moulds etc.
BIOLOGY LAB.
SEROLOGY LAB.
ELECTROPHORESIS
Future examination facilities 

D.N.A.
Cyber Crime.
DNA LABORATORY AT FSL SAGAR
Training Cell 
Arranges training programmes for new entrants to the scientific cadre and acquaint
them with the working of Forensic Science Laboratory.

Conducts selection and training of M.P. Police team for All India Police Duty Meet.

Co-ordinates with Police Academy for conducting training of police personnel in
Forensic Science.

Also arranges special lectures to Judicial Officers, Students of Criminology and
Forensic Science and Officers of other Govt. Departments
DNA LABORATORY AT FSL SAGAR
Modern equipments available for examination work 
Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrophotometer.

Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer.

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer.

Gas Liquid Chromatograph.

High Performance Liquid Chromatograph.

Head Space with Gas Chromatograph.

U.V. Spectrophotometer.

Projector.

Comparison Microscope.


Fluorescence Microscope.
Research Microscope.
FUNCTIONS OF THE LABORATORY

The cases with articles are sent by Supdts. of Police of the Districts or equivalent
designated officers of other branches of Police with the written requisition for
examination which is entered in the register of the laboratory in chronological order
and the cases are examined in the same order. However important cases on
special requests are given priority. The reports of examined cases are sent to the
senders. At the time of trial in courts, the related examiner of the case visits the
concerning court on summons for presentation of his report.

A fee of Rs. 100/- per case is charged, for the cases referred by other than Police
Departments, which is likely to be enhanced.

“Species identification and blood grouping.” of blood, semen, saliva etc. is carried
out in the Laboratory. The cases which remain unexamined due to shortage of staff
and space at FSL Sagar, are referred to the Serologist, to the Government of India,
Calcutta.

The Director, FSL on requisition from appropriate authority makes available the
services of special experts of concerning division of F.S.L. to visit the scenes of
crime.

* The Director, FSL, Sagar submits monthly & annual administrative reports of the
laboratories to A.D.G., C.I.D., P.H.Q., Bhopal.
Regional Forensic Science Laboratories Indore & Gwalior 
The Regional Forensic Science Labs at Raipur, Indore & Gwalior were established in
1992. These Regional Laboratories have also acquired their own buildings. Since
the bifurcation of Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh is left with only two Regional Labs.
at Indore & Gwalior. These labs are conducting examination of cases related to
Biology and Chemistry.

The work of Indore RFSL pertains to Districts of Indore and Ujjain ranges - Indore,
Khargone, Jhabua, Khandwa, Dhar, Dewas, Ratlam, Shajapur, Mandsour and
Ujjain.

Gwalior Laboratory examines cases of districts of Bhopal and Gwalior rangesGwalior, Shivpuri, Guna, Datia, Morena, Bhid, Bhopal, Sihore, Raisen, Rajgarh,
Vidisha and Betul.

Four working divisions i.e. Biology, Chemistry, Physics & Toxicology are to be

developed in these Labs.
The work of remaining Districts of Madhya Pradesh is undertaken at FSL Sagar.
The Addresses of RFSLs
1. RFSL, Indore –
Regional Forensic Science Laboratory,
Near Mittal cold storage, Village. Rau,
Indore (M.P.) Telephone – No telephone facility
2.
RFSL,
Gwalior
Regional Forensic Science Laboratory,
Near Nav Bharat Press, City Centre,
Gwalior
Telephone – No telephone facility
Future Regional Forensic Science Labs.

Bhopal.

Jabalpur.


Rewa.
Ujjain.
–
ACHIVEMENTS:
HOME MINISTER’S AWARD FOR FORENSIC CHEMICAL SCIENCES 2001
(M.P.)
HOME MINISTER’S AWARD FOR FORENSIC CHEMICAL SCIENCES 2001
DISTRICTS SCENE OF CRIME UNITS
Organisation 
The scene of crime is a treasure of clues through which investigating officers can
asses the type of crime, the suspects & criminals and can reach to the culprits. Its
examination on scientific lines at the earliest helps in sorting out the innocence and
the guilt. With this view the scene of crime units at divisional level were introduced
in the year 1980 to assist the criminal investigation. Scene of crime units with staff
& vehicle for 38 districts were sanctioned in 1983. The units started functioning at
districts level in 1985.

The district scene of crime unit functions under the control of Supdt. of police and
the Senior Scientific Officer/Scientific Officer is in-charge of the office of scene of
crime unit in the district. Their offices are accessible through District S.P. Office. or
Distt. Police Control Room.

The scene of crime vehicle is equipped with field test kit, foot prints and tool-marks
casting kit, finger print developing kit, necessary lighting equipment photographic
camera, portable ultra violet light, measuring instruments etc.
<
EQUIPPED MOBILE VAN
Functions of the Districts Scene of Crime Units 
SSO/SO of the unit proceeds on crime scene, on call from Police stations or as per
direction of the S.P., as and when required.

The scientist on visits to the scene of crime searches, locates the physical clues,
records these and other observations relating to scene of crime.

At the spot directs I.O. to collect the relevant physical clues from suspect/victim
and other places as the case demands and advise him regarding forwarding to the
relevant agencies for the purpose of analytical examination.

In such cases where he feels, he is unable to handle the case or feels the services
of

relevant expert is required, advises the I.O. to call for the services of concerning
experts from FSL/RFSL or from other relevant institution.

I/C of the unit prepares reports of the visited scene of crime and their monthly
report and sends a copy each to, Supdt. of police of the districts and to Director,
FSL, Sagar.

I/C of the unit arranges awareness lectures/training programmes about the
importance of Forensic Science and physical clues in the course of criminal
investigation for police personnel posted in districts.
Important points for general public for preservation of Scene of Crime 
An undisturbed Scene of Crime yields valuable clues.

Inform nearest Police Station of the areas or Police Control Room. Do not use
telephone of the spot for this purpose.

Cordon off the area with rope, tape or stones according to the crime committed. In
the process the crime scene should remain intact and undisturbed as material and
marks may be used as important evidence.

Do not enter or touch the scene of crime and not allow any one to do so either until
the scene of crime has been photographed and recorded. You are liable to leave
prints which may interfere or destroy the prints left by the accused and these are
likely to mislead /confuse the sniffer dog.
Do not use are allow any one to do so until the arrival of police at the Scene of Crime 
The telephone/mobile phone, fax machine, computer, T.V., tape recorder, fridge,
fans, electric switches, gas and other appliances found at the scene of crime.

Bathroom, washbasins, toilets, toiletries, furniture.


Food, utensils and other cooking vessels and do not light gas/stoves of kitchen.
Keep the firearm, live and used cartridges/bullets as it is on the spot.
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