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CANADA:
A Glimpse at
our Neighbor to
the North
First Canadian Flags
St. George's Cross
fleur-de-lis
Royal Union flag
Union Jack
Red Ensign
Maple Leaf
Fast Facts
Population
Capital
Language
Religion
Currency
Life Expectancy
GDP per Capita
33,212,696
OTTAWA
English & French
Roman Catholic /
Protestant
Canadian Dollar
79
US $29,300
Population: 33,212,696
(July 2008)
Toronto: 5.5 million
Montreal: 3.86 million
Vancouver: 2.2 million
Two Population Booms: -from 1901 to
1911: massive immigration -After
World War II (“baby boom”)
After the last boom in 1956, when the
annual growth rate was 2.8; growth
rates have decreased, fluctuating
between 1% and 1.8%, since 1970.
Origin of the Name – Canada
1. The explorer depicted in
the image is Jacques
Cartier.
2. The Huron-Iroquois word
for "village" or
"settlement” was kanata.
3. The first use of "Canada"
as an official name came
in 1791 when the
Province of Quebec was
divided into the colonies
of Upper and Lower
Canada.
The fur trade was Canada's most important
industry until the 19th century.
What is
Canada’s
Relative
Location?
ND
2
___ largest
country in
area, after
Russia
_________.
A
PROVINCE
__________
is a political
boundary that
divides Canada
into different
regions.
PROVINCES
TERRITORIES
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
1. Yukon
2. Northwest
3. Nunavit
British Columbia
Alberta
Saskatchewan
Manitoba
Ontario
Quebec
New Brunswick
Nova Scotia
Prince Edward
Island
10. Newfoundland
NUNAVUT
Established in April 1, 1999
The word "Nunavut" means
"our land" in Inuktitut, the
Inuit language.
Covers approximately one-fifth
the total area of Canada
Population is 29,000
80 percent Inuit
INUIT
FIRST NATIONS
First Nations is a term of ethnicity
that refers to the Aboriginal
peoples in Canada, who are
neither Inuit nor Métis.
There are 600 recognized First
Nations governments in Canada.
Half are in the provinces of
Ontario and British
Columbia.
CLIMATE
In winter, temperatures fall
below freezing point
throughout most of Canada.
South-western coast has a
relatively mild climate.
Along the Arctic Circle, mean
temperatures are below
freezing for seven months a
year.
Canada and the
The
United States share
________
the longest,
undefended border
in the world.
5,523-miles long
Did You Know?
About 75% of
Canada’s population
lives within 100 miles
of the U.S. Border.
Name
that
Landform
The
Canadian
Shield
Did You Know?
Canada has
about two million
lakes.
GOVERNMENT
Canada is a federation with
a parliamentary democracy
and a constitutional
monarchy.
Head of Government
Prime Minister Stephen
Harper
Name the World Leaders
President of the
United States
Barack Obama
Prime Minister of
Canada
Stephen Harper
Queen
Elizabeth II is
the head of
state in
Canada.
The Frenchspeaking province
QUEBEC
of __________
is interested in
gaining
independence from
Canada.
Did You Know?
Montreal, Quebec’s
largest city, is the
second largest
French-speaking city
in the world.
CANADA ACT of 1982
An Act of Parliament
Passed by the British
Parliament that ended all
remaining dependence
of Canada on the United
Kingdom, by a process
known as "patriation".
Royal Canadian
Mounted Police
The national police force of Canada.
THE MONEY
Bills are commonly
available in $5,
$10, $20, $50
and $100 dollar.
The $1 and $2
bills have been
replaced with
coins (the loonie
and the twoonie).
Parliament Hill,
Ottawa
LEISURE AND SPORTS
The top three sports in
Canada are 1. Golf
2. Ice Hockey
3. Baseball
Did You Know?
Canada’s national
sport is lacrosse.
Hockey and basketball
are two other sports
invented by
Canadians.
2010 OLYMPICS
In Vancouver, British Columbia
Symbol for the Olympics is the
Inuit symbol: Welcome
(Inuksuk).
Corporate sponsors:
GM, McDonalds,
GE, and Coca Cola.
CULTURE
Historically been influenced by
British, French, and
Aboriginal cultures and
traditions.
Also has been heavily
influenced by American
culture due to its proximity.
MULTICULTURAL
LANGUAGES
Official languages:
English and French
Recognized
Regional Languages:
Inuktitut, Inuinnaqtun, Cree,
Dëne Sųłiné, Gwich’in,
Inuvialuktun, and Tłįchǫ Yatiì
Canada Day
Formerly Dominion Day
The anniversary of the
July 1, 1867 enactment
of the British North
America Act, which
united Canada as a
single country.
TRADE
U. S. exports about 10% of GDP
(roughly 25% to Canada).
Canada exports about 40% of GDP
(roughly 80% U. S.).
37 states list Canada as their
largest export market.
Canada is #1 source of electricity,
natural gas, and #2 source of
coal for the U. S.
CANADA and NAFTA
NAFTA
North American Free
Trade Agreement
An agreement between
the United States,
Canada, and Mexico
that allows for freer
trade between the three
countries.
Agriculture and Industry
Employs about 3% of the Canadian
population.
Chief crops: wheat, barley, oilseed,
tobacco, fruits, vegetables, fish, dairy
products, and forest products.
The strongest industries in Canada are
processed and unprocessed minerals
(such as zinc, nickel, and lead), food
products, wood and paper products,
transportation equipment, chemicals,
fish products, petroleum, and natural
gas.
Timeline of Canadian Triumphs
1534: Jacques Cartier explores the coast
of Labrador
(this is called the discovery of Canada).
1663: Quebec becomes a royal province.
1774: The Quebec Act, borders of
Quebec expanded, religious rights
guaranteed.
1818: Anglo-American convention fixes
49th parallel as border between US
and Canada
1837: Rush-Bagot Treaty with Canada
creates the world’s largest open border.
Timeline of Canadian Triumphs
Continued…
1857: Ottawa named Canada’s capital by
Queen Victoria.
1876: Invention of telephone by Alexander
Graham Bell of Bradford, Ontario.
1878: Sir Sanford Fleming, Canadian
Railway Surveyor, devises Standard
Time.
1925: Women gain suffrage in
Newfoundland.
1952: CBC broadcasts Canada’s first part
time television show.
1954: First Canadian subway opens in
Toronto.
Timeline of Canadian Triumphs
Continued…
1965: Canada replaces Union Jack
with the Maple Leaf as the national
flag.
1966: CBC television goes color.
1976: Montreal hosts the 21st Winter
Olympic Games.
1984: Marc Garneau becomes the
first Canadian in space.
1988: Calgary hosts Winter Olympics.
1992: Roberta Bondar becomes the
first Canadian woman in space.
What has happened in
Canada recently?
For homework research
Canadian Current Events.
Choose one article and
write a one paragraph
summary for homework.
Be prepared to discuss
the article in class
tomorrow.