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Economic Indicators for Gender Analysis Some observations Ko Oudhof Statistics Netherlands UNECE Work Session on Gender Statistics 6-8 october 2008 Geneva 1 Papers in the session • Gender and Economic Statistics – Heather Dryburgh, Statistics Canada • Gender Pay Gap: Data availability and measurement issues – Elisa Benes, UNECE Statistical Division • Measuring gender equality in the economy in countries of Central Asia – Ewa Zimny and Enrico Bisogno, UNECE • Who benefits more? Benefit of the government by gender. • A Dutch example of gender budget analysis – Saskia Keuzenkamp, Statistics Netherlands • Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) – Maria Isabel Quintela, National Statistical Institute, Portugal UNECE Work Session on Gender Statistics 6-8 october 2008 Geneva 2 Abstract starting point: social process FACTOR/ CAUSE Nongendered → Male ACTORS & POSITIONS EFFECT --- (?) Nongendered Male → Male Female Female Female Institutional Institutional Institutional UNECE Work Session on Gender Statistics 6-8 october 2008 Geneva 3 Gendering Economic Indicators (1) • WITHIN ACTORS/POSITIONS – male/female paid work participation – occupational segregation – within households (roles, decisions) • EFFECTS – genderised contribution to GDP (informal work) – genderised consumption (markets) • CAUSES – genderised consequencies of budgets – equality policy UNECE Work Session on Gender Statistics 6-8 october 2008 Geneva 4 Gendering Economic Indicators (2) UNECE: Measurement/data gender pay gap Cause ≠ Male/Female ≠ Effect Netherlands Gendering tertiary income (government budget) More general and more monetary than most GBA’s Institutional Male/Female ≠ Effect UNECE Work Session on Gender Statistics 6-8 october 2008 Geneva 5 Gendering Economic Indicators (3) Portugal Social accounting matrix Institutional (compensation) Male/Female (labour input) Institutional Canada Available data on labour market, time use, income etc. and possible gaps Available: Cause ≠ Male/Female ≠ Effect Gap 1: Institutional male/female ≠ Effect Gap 2: Cause ≠ Male/female Institutional UNECE Work Session on Gender Statistics 6-8 october 2008 Geneva 6 IF YES? - QUESTIONS (≈ reflections Canada) Papers raise questions for other countries: • Would it be conceivable to genderise the elements? – Yes, it has been done, look at papers • Would it have any use to do it? – Idem, but what considering the national context? • Would it be feasible? – Considering policy as well as data needs • Would it deserve any priority? • Would it be possible to bring about any priority? • When should it start? UNECE Work Session on Gender Statistics 6-8 october 2008 Geneva 7 AND BEYOND THAT…. • Why not the ultimate model: – Male/Female Cause Male/Female Male/Female Effect • Gender pay gap – Entepreneurs etc pay gap – Pay gap economic contribution • Tertairy income – Decision makers income – tertiary income social participation • SAM – Entepreneurs etc paid labour – Paid labour Entrepreneurs etc. UNECE Work Session on Gender Statistics 6-8 october 2008 Geneva 8 IF YES? - QUESTIONS Questions for all (?) countries: • Would it be conceivable to genderise the elements? • Would it have any use to do it? • Would it be feasible? • Would it deserve any priority? • Would it be possible to bring about any priority? • When should it start? UNECE Work Session on Gender Statistics 6-8 october 2008 Geneva 9