Download Thailand - National Science Technology and Innovation

Thailand Science, Technology
and Innovation Policy
& ASEAN Krabi Initiative
By Dr. Yada Mukdapitak
[email protected]
Deputy Secretary General
National Science Technology and
Innovation Policy Office, Thailand
Direction of the 11th National Economic and Social
Development Plan 2012-2016
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Thailand has been governed by the
constitutional monarchy.
Agriculture is the main source of income
and food security.
The development is based on knowledge
and advanced technology.
Thai society maintains good values and
culture.
The community is a key effective
mechanism in development.
Thailand is a sovereign state and
cooperates with other countries in the
international community.
Source: Adapted from Summary of the Direction of the 11th National Economic and Social Development Plan 2012-2016,
the Office of National Economic and Social Development Board, 2011
2
Competitiveness Ranking of Thailand 2004-2011
(By Factor)
Economic Performance
Government Efficiency
*
Overall
Business Efficiency
Infrastructure
Source: International Institute for Management Development (2004-2011). World Competitiveness Yearbook 2004-2011.
3
Thailand’s Competitiveness (2011): Sub-Factors
Economic Performance
Government Efficiency
Business Efficiency
Infrastructure
Source: International Institute for Management Development (2011). World Competitiveness Yearbook 2011.
4
Scientific Infrastructure Ranking
Source: International Institute for Management Development (2007-2011). World Competitiveness Yearbook 2007-2011.
5
Technological Infrastructure Ranking
Source: International Institute for Management Development (2007-2011). World Competitiveness Yearbook 2007-2011.
6
Key S&T Indicators (International Comparison)
Country
GERD/GDP
(% of GDP)
Country
R&D personnel
(per 1,000people )
Finland
Japan
Korea
Taiwan
USA
Singapore
China
Malaysia
India
Thailand
Indonesia
3.84
3.45
3.36
2.94
2.77
2.27
1.70
0.84
0.80
0.24
0.05
Country
Publication
(paper)
209,695
56,806
52,896
18,467
18,194
12,742
9,914
Japan
USA
Korea
China
Taiwan
India
Singapore
153,755
79,803
64,963
47,975
33,296
1,385
481
1,728
808
198
195
Malaysia
Thailand
Philippines
Indonesia
224
99
16
N/A
USA
China
Japan
Korea
India
Taiwan
Sweden
Thailand
Malaysia
Indonesia
Phillipines
Finland
Taiwan
Sweden
Singapore
Japan
Korea
China
Thailand
Malaysia
Philippines
Indonesia
Country
10.50
8.52
8.21
7.20
6.91
6.06
1.72
0.86
0.55
0.19
N/A
Granted Patent
(item)
Remark: 1) Granted patent is the average number between year 2007 and year 2009. 2) Data as of May 2011.
Source: Institute for Management Development (2011). IMD World Competitiveness Online 1995-2011.
7
Drafting Process of The 1st National STI Master Plan
Analysis
Synthesis
Information
Gathering
Expert interviews and
focus group meetings
Desk research and field
surveys
Expert panel consulting
Meetings with government,
industry, university, and civic
sector organizations
Regional joint-studies of STI
demand with partner universities
 Chiang Mai Univ. (Upper North)
 Naresuan Univ. (Lower North)
 Khon Kaen Univ. (Upper NorthEast)
 Suranaree Univ. of Tech. (Lower NE)
 Burapha Univ. (East)
 Kasetsart Univ. (Central & West)
 Prince of Songkla Univ. (South)
Important current issues









social and lifestyle change
economy and trade
geopolitical change
power decentralization
health and emerging diseases
climate change
food safety and security
energy security
scientific and technological
change
Conclusion
Output
• Public Hearing in the 9th National
Congress of STI for Development
(January 2011)
• The 14 Feb. 2011 Draft
• Circulation to agencies for review
• The 8 Apr. 2011 Draft
Top down
Integrated national STI
database development
Nationwide Public Hearings





Bangkok (STI Policy Office)
Upper North (Chiang Mai Univ.)
Lower North (Naresuan Univ.)
Upper Northeast (Khon Kaen Univ.)
Lower Northeast (Suranaree U. of
Tech.)
 South (Prince of Songkla Univ.)
 Central & West (Kasetsart Univ.)
 East (Burapha Univ.)
(Draft)
National
STI
Policy & Plan
2012-2021
Bottom up
Key Recommendations in the STI Master Plan
Core Issues
Courses
Core Issues
Courses
Core Policy
to be Implemented
Driving Green
Innovation policy
to practical
implementation
Output
and
Outcome
Quantitative and
Qualitative –
identified by
Strategies
Mechanism
and tools for
driving
Push for
implementation
plans of
individual
agencies
Work plans
to address
ASEAN
Community
Phase 1
implementation
plan with an
emphasis on
ASEAN
integration
Linkage with the
11th Nat’l
Development
Plan and the 8th
Nat’l Research
Policy &
Strategies
Budgeting
Aligning the 1st
STI Action Plan
with both
National Plans
Programmes/Proj
ects with specific
budget identified
in the 1st STI
Action Plan
From National STI Master Plan to Action Plans
STI Policy Office
Recommends the
National STI
Policy and Plan
2012-2021
STI Policy Office
Executive Board
STI Policy
Committee
Cabinet
Suggests
Approves
Approves
STI Policy Office
 Supervises
and Follows up
 Evaluates
 Revises the
Action Plan
Action Plan
Develops Action Plans
Develops Area-Based/
Sector-Specific Action Plans
STI Policy Office
and Related Agencies
Ministry of Science
and Technology
Implements the STI
Policy and Plan
Announces in the
Government
Gazette and
Media
STI Policy Office
Executive Board
STI Policy
Committee
Approves
Conceptual Framework of the National Science
Technology and Innovation Master Plan 2012-2021
Ageing Society
Decentralization
Demographic &
Social Changes
STI
Competition &
Economic Integration
Energy Security
Regionalization
(ASEAN+)
Social & Cultural
Mobilization
Sustainable
Economy
Quality
Society
Green
Eco Production Innovation
& Services
Energy &
Climate Change
Environment
Natural Resource
Management
Technological
Changes
Creativity Platform
11
12 Strategic Sectors
Rice and
Creative
&Digital
Contents
Rice Products
Renewable
Energy
Rubber and
Rubber
Products
Constructions
and Related
Services
Sustainable
Economy
Processed
Food
Logistics
Electrical and
Electronics
Tourism
Fashion
(Textiles,
Jewelry,
Leather)
Automotive &
Parts
Plastics &
Petrochemicals
12
Strategic Social Issues to be Addressed
Quality
Society
13
Science Technology and Innovation Strategies for
“Green Innovation”
Climate
Change
Geopolitical
Change
Green Innovation
for Quality Society and Sustainable
Economic Growth
Empowering Society
and Local
Communities
Enhancing Economic
Competitiveness and
Flexibility
Ensuring Energy,
Resource and
Environment Security
Developing and Enhancing STI Human Capital
Promoting and Supporting the Development of STI Infrastructure
and Enabling Factors
14
3 “Pillar” Strategies and Key Actions
Strategy 1:
Empowering society
and local communities
Strategy 2:
Enhancing economic
competitiveness and
flexibility
Promote STI development to
empower local communities to
be more eco-efficient and selfresilient
Promote STI development to
increase productivity of
agricultural, manufacturing and
service sectors
Support R&D in social/community
enterprises and promote the use
of local indigenous wisdom and
clean technology to create value
added to local products
Promote the development of
green products and services
for value creation
Support R&D to improve the
quality of health service and
reduce dependency on
imported medicine
Support R&D and STI
development to alleviate the
impact of non-tariff barriers
and increase opportunities for
exports
Moderation
Reasonableness
Strategy 3:
Ensuring energy,
resource and
environmental security
Promote the development of
natural resources and
environmental forecasting
models
Promote the development and
utilization of STI for adaptation
and mitigation (GHG emission
reduction)
Support R&D and utilization
STI to increase the use of
renewable and alternative
energy
Promote the development of
STI for natural resource and
environmental management
Self-Immunity
The Philosophy of “Sufficiency Economy”
15
2 “Foundation” Strategies and Key Actions
Strategy 4:
Developing and
enhancing STI
human capital
Strategy 5:
Promoting and
supporting the
development of
STI infrastructure
and enabling
factors
• Support HRD to increase the ratio of students
graduated with bachelor degrees in science and
technology to 60%
• Support HRD and provide incentives to increase R&D
personnel to 25 persons (FTE) per 10,000 of total
population, of which 60% are in the private sector
• Promote science awareness, STI capacity building
programs and society of life-long learning
• Improve STI infrastructure and enabling factors to
improve the country ranking in S&T infrastructure by
IMD
• Increase total R&D investment to 1% of GDP by 2016
and 2% by 2021
• Develop STI infrastructure, policy incentives and legal
measures such as regional science parks, national
labs, tax incentives, matching grants, VC and IP
management system. The goal is to stimulate R&D in
the private sector to account for at least 70% of total
national R&D investment by 2016.
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“Green Innovation” in Action
Flood
Management
ASEAN+6
Green Innovation
for Quality Society and Sustainable
Economic Growth
• Inclusive Innovation
• Innovative
Community
• Low Carbon Economy
• Rail System
• Bio-based Industry
• Alternative Energy Tech
• Technology Needs
for Climate Change
•Talent Mobility
• Science-based Technology Vocational Education
• Regional Science Parks
• Tax & Financial Incentives
17
Government Policy on Science, Technology, Research
and Innovation
Expedite the development of a knowledge-based society by developing the
population’s general scientific knowledge to match international standards; provide more public
knowledge resources through physical means such as science museums and publications and virtual
means through the information technology network; and, raise standards on science and technology
educational at all levels.
Expedite the production of scientists, researchers and science teachers to
match the demands of the country in order to support national development and pave
the way for Thailand’s transformation into an innovative knowledge based economy; support
professional advancement of researchers and make available opportunities for researchers both in the
public and private sectors.
Promote investment and cooperation between the public and private
sectors, as well as higher education institutions to foster research and development and technology
transfer in support of economic and social development which encompasses the development of local
wisdom, agriculture, industrial and service sectors, especially in areas that are vital to national
development, such as biodiversity, and in which Thailand possesses high potential.
Increase efficiency of the research management system
through forming a
cooperative network of relevant agencies, research institutes and higher education institutions to reduce
duplication and enhance capacity; formulating a Master Plan with the objective of clarifying research
objectives and placing emphasis on creating a comprehensive research plan, from basic research to its
application to a finished product, thus maximizing the value chain; and, promoting investment in
research with a view to reaching a level equivalent to 2% of the Gross Domestic Product.
Promote the use of space technology and geo-informatics to support natural
resources management, agricultural production planning, disaster prevention and relief, raising the
standard of living and enhancing national competitiveness
18
R&D/GDP Projection (2012 – 2021)
2
1.8
1.6
% R&D/GDP
1.4
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
Source: Values from 1999 – 2010 are from the National Survey on R&D Expenditure.
Values from 2011 – 2021 are projected by STI Office.
19
STI Investment Targets
2564: 2%
2559: 1%
(2564) 25:10,000
(2559) 15:10,000
2559-2564
70:30
Current
R&D /GDP = 0.24 %
R&D Personnel (FTE)
9.01 : 10,000
2009 National Survey on R&D Expenditure and Personnel
of Thailand
R&D Exp = 21,493 MB
R&D Exp : Gov : Private = 13,318:8,175 MB
R&D Personnel = 57,220 (man-year)
R&D expenditure
(Private : Government)
38 : 62
Source: National Science Technology and
Innovation Policy Office (January 2012)
20
Private R&D/GDP
VS.
Public R&D/GDP
%Private R&D / GDP
4.00
Israel
Private 50: Public 50
3.50
Private 70: Public 30
3.00
Japan
Sweden
Korea
2.50
Finland
USA
Taiwan
Germany
Denmark
Singapore
Luxembourg Belgium
1.50
France
Australia
Netherlands
China
Canada
1.00 Average Russia Norway
Portugal
Malaysia
Brazil
0.50
Lithuania
Romania
Philippines Thailand
2.00
-
Sources : IMD
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
Thailand in 2011
Target 1%
2.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
%Public R&D / GDP
21
Strategic
Sectors
…
Energy
Fiscal/
Financial
System
Systems
Food
Agriculture
Research
System
Mechanisms/ Researcher
Income Tax
Schemes
Exemption
R&D
Tax
Deduction
Health &
Wellbeing
Manpower
System
Infrastructure
System
Rail
System
Hi-ValueAdded
Industries
…
Gov’t
Technology Procurement
Transfer
/MegaSystem
Projects
Matching
Promotion
Grants/
of HR
Equity
Mobility
Financing/
VC
Industrial
M.Sc./Ph.D.
Innovation
Clustering
Mgnt.
Strategic
Student
Financing
ระบบวิทยาศาสตร์ เทคโนโลยีและนว ัตกรรม
Physical/
Institutional
Infrastructures
Private
R&D Centers
Private
Innovation
Districts
Public Regional/
Community
Science Parks
Demand-based Priority Measures for Human Resources, Infrastructure
and Enabling Factors Development
22
Science, Technology and Innovation System
Research & Development
Innovation
Technology Transfer
Utilization/Commercialization
Human Resource Development
STI Infrastructure
Enabling Environment
23
A Snapshot of Government Spending on STI System
(Fiscal Year 2012 – 852 Projects 43,575.52 million Baht)
16,000
14,065
14,000
12,000
10,000
8,000
7,171
7,015
6,198
5,353
6,000
4,000
1,829
1,945
2,000
-
Source: Data from 14 ministries, analyzed by STI Office
24
Krabi Initiative:
Science Technology and Innovation (STI) for a Competitive , Sustainable and Inclusive ASEAN
Endorsed by ASEAN S&T Ministers at the 6th IAMMST as a policy framework for STI cooperation in ASEAN
ASEAN 2015 – Vision of ASEAN Leaders
Rationale
Roles of STI – A Balance between Competitiveness and Human Development (People-oriented STI)
Reinventing ASEAN Scientific Community for a Meaningful Delivery of STI Agenda in ASEAN
Thematic
Tracks
Paradigm Shift
ASEAN Innovation for
Global Market
Digital Economy, New Media
& Social Network
Energy
Security
Water
Management
STI
Enculturation
Bottom-of-the Pyramid (BOP)
Focus
Green
Technology
Biodiversity for
Health & Wealth
Youth-focused
Innovation
Food Security
Science and
Innovation for Life
STI for Green
Society
Public-Private
Partnership
Platform
Organisational restructure for a meaningful delivery of STI agenda in ASEAN
Courses of
Action
Develop mechanisms to pursue partnerships and cooperation with other stakeholders in STI
Enhance ASEAN Plan of Action on S&T for 2012-2015 and leverage the recommendations of the Krabi Retreat
for development of future APAST beyond 2015
Implement monitoring and evaluation mechanism for the implementation of STI thematic tracks
Source: National Science Technology and Innovation Policy Office - Thailand, December 2010
25
KI 8 Thematic Tracks
1. ASEAN Innovation for Global Market
ASEAN innovation through science and technology can benefit both ASEAN and global markets.
Locally, ASEAN indigenous capabilities in products and services can benefit common people, raising
quality of life both in the form of appropriate and emerging technologies. Utilizing our locally
available resources and innovation can also extend to the global markets and contribute to ASEAN
competitiveness.
2. Digital Economy, New Media and Social Networking
The revolution of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) paves the way for a more
pervasive and knowledge-based society. In this regard, ASEAN in the digital age must make sure the
accessibility and affordability of ICT and useful applications covering social networking, mobile
communication, disaster management, healthcare improvement and gender equality to name a
few.
3. Green Technology
Climate change is starting to show visible impact globally. In response to the increasing demand for
industrial production to be more environmental friendly, STI should play a pivotal role in upgrading
the industry by making use of low-carbon and cleaner technology. STI for mitigation and
adaptation to climate change will be crucial for ASEAN sustainable development.
4. Food Security
STI plays a vital role in ensuring food security for ASEAN 600 million population. From productivity
improvement and optimization, appropriate mechanization of farms, appropriate food safety
standards and access to adequate nutritional requirement to modern biotechnology that cater for
both food and energy security. ASEAN should also extend our capacity in food production to
dialogue partners including China and India.
26
KI 8 Thematic Tracks (Cont.)
5. Energy Security
The fluctuation of oil price and the increasing global demand of energy for economic development
make it necessary for ASEAN to ensure energy security in the region. STI is vital in increasing energy
efficiency and developing next-generation alternative energy sources.
6. Water Resource Management
Realizing that water is critical to both living and production, ASEAN should utilize STI in effective
water management. In order to ensure stable access to clean water, innovations should be
extensively promoted to facilitate water utilization and waste water treatment, mitigate disaster
from flood and prevent water scarcity.
7. Biodiversity for Health and Wealth
ASEAN is one of the most biodiversity-rich region in the world. Efforts should be made in
preservation and appropriate use of this resource for the improvement of health and value creation.
In this regard, STI is instrumental in collective discovery of new species, developing effective
preservation methods and create values from biodiversity and its applications in food, health and
energy areas.
8. Science and Innovation for Life
The future of ASEAN is in the hands of our youth today. ASEAN youth who are well-equipped with
science literacy and technology competency are the hope for ASEAN prosperity. Creativity and
passion in STI instilled in our youth will pave the way for the capacity building and life-long learning
of future ASEAN population. This entails innovative ecosystem in schools, vocational and higher
education institutions as well as bridging learning system to professions and career path.
27
KI 5 Paradigm Shifts
Mainstream science, technology and
innovation (STI) into ASEAN citizens’
ways of lives. Innovation eco-systems are to
be created in ASEAN community at all levels.
Due recognitions are given to citizens with
outstanding STI achievements as the role
models.
Public-Private Partnership should be
strengthened through proactive dialogs and
establishments of engaging platforms such
as government-linked-companies and corporate
social responsibility activities.
Public-Private
Partnership
Platform
Green STI integration platform in
its transformation towards lowcarbon society. Science-based public
awareness on environmental-friendly
life style is to be instilled. Appropriate
technologies and green innovations are
to be promoted among ASEAN member
countries in order to become
competitive and yet remain sustainable.
STI
Enculturation
STI for
Green
Society
YouthFocused
Innovation
Special attention should be given to the
Bottom-of- majority of the ASEAN population_ the
bottom-of-the-pyramid. In this regard,
thePyramid consideration must be accorded to the
outcomes of STI addressing on
Focus
human basic needs such as foods,
habitat, health, and access to
information and knowledge.
Opportunities for young people to enhance their STI
potentials and entrepreneurship are to be enlarged.
Examples of measures to be taken include Young ASEAN
STI Awards, cross-country attachment program and seed
funding to support youth-focused innovations.
28
What’s Next
AMMST
ASEAN Ministerial Meeting
on Science and Technology
COST
Advisory Bodies
ASEAN Committee on
Science and Technology
SCB
SCFST
SCIRD
SCMG
SCMIT
SCMSAT
SCMST
SCNCER
SCOSA
Cooperation with
Dialogue Partners
ABASF
Advisory Body on t
he ASEAN Science Fund
ABAPAST
Advisory Body on the ASEAN Plan of
Action on Science and Technology
TTF-TW
Technical Task Force
on Tsunami Warning
Inputs
from
ASEAN
Dialogue
Partners
6
Flagship
Programs
Output of
Thai-Lao
STI
Cooperation
Krabi
Initiative
APAST
20072011
TWG-NPP
Technical Working Group
on Nuclear Power Plant
Next ASEAN Plan of Action on ST (I)
29
National Science, Technology and Innovation Policy Office
319 Chamchuri Square Building, 14th Floor
Phaya Thai Road, Pathumwan
Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
Tel: + 66 2160 5432-39
Fax: +66 2160 5438
E-mail: [email protected]
http://www.sti.or.th