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What Are We Learning
Today?
9.2.4. What is the role of the
consumer in market and mixed
economies?
Consumerism
• Consumerism is an _________ ______that
says the _____ ppl buy, the ______ it is for the
economy.
• In economies based on consumerism,
consumer ________ plays a ____ role in
economic ________ making.
• What guides your behaviour as a consumer?
Pg. 243.
Identity
• The choices we
make as
consumers can
reflect our
identity.
• Critical thinking
challenge pg.
244.
Marketing
• Marketing & Did You Know? pg. 254.
• How to Analyze Advertising pg. 255.
How to Analyze Advertising
Bandwagon Effect
• Encourages you to buy a product or service
because _________ else is.
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6BW5VTyqK
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Emotional Appeal
• Uses strong emotional language that connects
with your _____ and ______.
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I4kNl7cQdcU
Glittering Generalities
• Relates the product or service to words or
images that promise _________, but deliver
_____ or _______.
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p8RCfMDG3
bA&feature=related
Plain Folks Appeal
• Relates a product or service to the experience
of _______ folks.
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TqHSIiAXdS
U
Testimonials
• Uses _________ or _______ to speak for a
product.
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b0AGiq9j_Ak
Scientific Appeal
• Used statistics or _________ ______ to
persuade consumers to buy a product or
service.
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B8BeGgT1v5
M
Other Commercials
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z3aP5Ks7e1
s
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GDcWRUtrV
uc
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xo9pFniB8a
Q
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5wqvC_E0zI
8
Jobs
• When you take a product, you connect to a
chain of ppl and their jobs. Your choice is part
of what keeps them employed.
• Ballpoint pen pg. 250.
Measures of Economic Growth
• Economic growth is the degree to which a
country’s wealth increases over a period of time
(usually a year). Measures of economic growth
include:
– How much profit a country’s economy makes
from the goods and services it produces.
– How many ppl have jobs and are making an
income.
Environment
• Your choices as a consumer also _____ the
___, _____, and ______ that you share with
everybody.
• What is your pen made of? pg. 252.
Legislation about Consumerism and
the Environment
• Canada and the US have laws and programs
related to consumer demand and the
environment. For example:
– Both gov’ts have banned leaded gasoline,
because of the harmful effects of lead on
human health and the environment.
– Consumers shopping for new appliances in
both Canada and the US can identity energyefficient options because of gov’t programs
that label these appliances.
Kennecott Mine
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P9Df0_OxDc
• Pg. 253.
• Cartoons about Consumerism pg. 256.
Health & Safety
• Federal law requires warnings on products such
as cigarettes to discourage consumers from
buying them. As the warnings tell you, smoking
can lead to cancer and heart disease. Despite
the warnings, however, adults can still buy
cigarettes.
• Some gov’ts in Canada have gone further. They
have _______ some products and made them
unavailable to consumers.
Legislation about Consumer Health
& Safety
• Consumer health and safety is the focus of
legislation in both Canada & the US – or the
focus of debates about it. For example:
– Both Canada & the US have product-labelling
laws that require producers to list the
ingredients in food and cosmetics.
– The US has laws making airbags mandatory
in cars, along with seat belts. In 2007,
Canada’s laws made only seat belts
mandatory.
Homework
• Read “Schools ban junk food” and “Calgary
eateries reduce trans fats” on pg. 248-249.
• Answer the following questions:
– How might a ban on junk food or trans fats
affect demand for food products? How might
it affect producers who supply junk food to
schools or foods with trans fats to
restaurants?
– Why might Canadians have different views
about decisions to ban some products?
– How much control should consumers have
over choices that affect their health and
safety?
What’s GDP?
• Gross Domestic Product (GDP) measures the amount
of _____ a country’s economy _________. The term
per capita means “average per person.” So, GDP per
capita is a way to estimate how well off ppl are in a
country.
Exact Figures GDP per capita (2007)
- Canada $33,000
- Mexico $12,500
- US $46,000
• GDP Per Capita pg. 261
Boycotts
• A boycott is a decision by consumers to _____
buying a product or service as a way to bring
about change.
• A boycott usually has a moral or ethical reason
behind it.
What Are We Learning
Today?
9.2.5. What societal values
underlie social programs in
Canada and the United States?
What are Social Programs?
• Social programs are services provided by the
gov’t and paid for by taxes. They aim to reduce
economic _________ (the gap between the rich
and poor) and promote the well-being of all
citizens.
What Counts as a Social Program?
• Social programs can include health care,
pensions for seniors, income assistance,
education, affordable housing, child protection
services, employment insurance, child care,
etc.
Differences Between Canadian &
American Social Programs
• The decision by a gov’t to provide, or not
provide, social programs comes from different
economic philosophies and different values. In
Canada, gov’ts generally support the idea of
using taxes to provide services to citizens. In
the US, the gov’ts support this idea less.
Health Care
• Comic pg. 272.
• Canada has public health care. This means that
______ funds (taxes) pay for it. The US has
private health care. This means that
_______citizens cover the costs of their _____
medical needs. It also means that health care is
more like a _______, where ppl can offer health
services to make a _______.
What is Health Insurance?
• In the US, many ppl buy health insurance to
cover the _____ of care. They pay money to a
company on a regular basis, whether they are
sick or not. If they become sick, the insurance
company covers their ________ costs. For
many Americans, health insurance, like health
care, costs more than they can afford.
What’s the connection between
taxation and social programs?
• Gov’t collects taxes to pay for the services it
provides to citizens, such as social programs.
• In Canada, both the _______ and __________
gov’ts collect taxes. The federal gov’t transfers
some of the taxes it collects to the provinces.
For social programs, these include the Canada
Health Transfer and the Canada Social
Transfer.
What’s the connection between
taxation and social programs?
• Individual Canadian citizens pay 2 kinds of tax
to the federal gov’t and to their provincial gov’t:
income tax and sales tax.
• _______ _____is based on what you earn: the
more money you earn, the more tax you pay.
• _______ ____are based on what you spend on
products and services: the more you spend, the
more tax you pay. The federal Goods and
_________ _____ (GST) is a sales tax that
everybody in Canada pays. (DYK Pg. 281.)
What do taxes pay for in Canada?
• Graphs pg. 282.
• What percentage of gov’t spending did social
programs represent in 2007?
What is a Taxation Model?
• A __________ ______ is a policy of a political
party or gov’t about what to tax, how much to
tax, and how to spend taxes.
Tax Evasion
• _______ _________means to misrepresent (lie
about) what you earn to avoid paying taxes.
• In all countries, including Canada, it’s against
the law to avoid paying taxes. Canadians must
report what they earn, so gov’t can determine
and collect the tax they owe.
• All the economic activity in a society that gov’ts
tax is called the ____ ______. The tax base
pays for the services provided by gov’t, such as
social programs.
The Black Market
• Ppl who work without paying taxes are part of
the ___________ ________or black market. It
is seen as “underground” because it functions
in secret from the gov’t and involves buying and
selling products and services illegally.
• Comic pg. 284.
• The Economic Excavator pg. 285.
Quality of Life
• Your quality of life is a measure of your
personal and collective well-being (how happy
you are.) Things that measure QOL include
education, health, safety, and income.
However, just because you have these DOES
NOT necessarily mean you’ll be happier.
• In general, a person’s quality of life is related to
their level of consumption. The more money
you have to spend on things you need and
want, the happier you usually are.
Quality of Life & Consumerism
• Your QOL influences the choices you make as
a consumer while the choices you make as a
consumer can influence your QOL. They work
BOTH ways.
• The choices you make as a consumer can also
impact the QOL of others. For example, your
consumer decisions can create employment for
others (a positive), or hurt everyone’s
enjoyment of the environment (a negative).