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JOJOBA
Oral Gel
History:
JOJOBA
• 1977-1980: Jojoba plant extract was used effectively as
cosmetic material.
• 1982-1985: Jojoba was considered to be non irritant
promoter to skin when applied to intact and abraded skin.
• 1982-1985: Jojoba proved not to interfere biological
processed its purity & indigestibility.
• 1987-1997: Jojoba oil proved to have marked antiinflammatory & anti-bacterial action.
• 1997-1999: Studies were to seek the further information
about the value of Jojoba oil in the management of
Recurrent Aphthous Ulceration (RAU).
JOJOBA
The Bacterial Action:
• The immune system seems actively involved in reaction
to bacterial and auto-immune antigens.
• It might be speculated that form Streptococci infect
epithelium of the salivary gland , stimulate formation of
antibodies fix complement and cause cytolysis.
• The disease may be further complicated by an autoimmune reaction to released antigens (L) from
epithelium tissues.
• Alternatively an auto-immune reaction to oral
epithelium might serve as predisposing factor to fertilize
the soil for an L-Streptococcal infection & resultant
necrosis and ulcer formation.
JOJOBA
Antimicrobial Effect:
• Zanial et Al 1994 reported an antimicrobial
action of jojoba oil.
• This action play a role in controlling RAU which
might have a relation to cell mediated immunity
against Streptococcus 2A & oral mucous which
is significantly increased in relation to
exacerbation of RAU.
JOJOBA
Antimicrobial Effect:
• The molecular structure of Jojoba oil showed that it is a fat
acid ester of decylalcohol and discosanol alcohols. Due to the
Jojoba structure properties it is used for skin care especially :
-Skin dehydration.
-Skin inflammation.
-Controlling Psoriasis & Acne.
-Transdermal patches for drug.
-Base for topical ointment.
• It decreases its hydrolysis in the GIT since large amount
unhydrolyzed oil were excreted.
• Thus, Jojoba oil has been suggested to be used as a dietic oil
since it will not be metabolized by the human body; the fatsplitting enzymes & lipase is found to be unable to
hydrolyzes the oil.
JOJOBA
Nutritional properties:
• The nutritional properties of Jojoba were
examined in 4 weeks feeding study rat fed a diet
with Jojoba:
-Hematology showed a dose related increase in
white blood cells.
• Arnouts & Al ‘s clinical chemistry revealed
significant increased levels of various enzymes:
-Reported an increase in growth hormone
“Thyrotoxin” & “Insulin like growth factor” in
Jojoba fed animal.
JOJOBA
Toxicity:
• Acute toxicity of massive of crude Jojoba
oil in mice was minimal.
• Jojoba reduce insignificant irritations in
the eyes of animals.
• Rude & refined Jojoba oils can be
considered safe for the human skin except
for patients with skin disorders who are
inherently hyper-allergic to cosmetic base
oils.
JOJOBA
• Effect of Jojoba & Lignocaine treatment in %
from patient opinion.
60
60
50
50
40
30
32
29
Jojoba
Lignocaine
20
18
10
7
0
Very Good
Good
Nil
JOJOBA
• Effect of Jojoba & Lignocaine treatment in %
from dentist opinion.
60
50
40
Jojoba
30
Lignocaine
20
10
0
Very Good
Good
Nil
JOJOBA
• Although the specific nature of Aphthous
stomatitis is unknown, most evidence suggests
that it is a non infectious inflammatory mucosal
disease.
• The response of the disease to topical Jojoba
supports this assumption and suggests that the
mechanism by which Jojoba improved recurrent
Aphthous ulceration (RAU) is through the
reduction in local inflammatory cell activity.