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CURRENT Chapter 13.2 Electric potential energy The potential energy of a charged object due to its position in an electric field. Potential Difference - Voltage When the ends of an electric conductor are at different electric potential energy, charge flows from one end to the other. Charge flows when there is a potential difference (voltage) between the ends of a conductor. Potential Difference - Voltage A battery or power source creates a potential difference between two ends of a conductor by acting as an “electric pump” creating charges on one end of the conductor which flows through the conductor and back to the power source. Electric Current Flow of charges through a conductor. Electric Resistance Caused by internal friction, which slows the movement of charges through a conductor. Thicker wires have less resistance than thinner wires. Resistance decreases in cooler temperatures. Symbols & Units Name Symbol Unit Resistance R ohms or Ω Voltage V Volts (V) Current I Amperes (A) Ohm’s Law V = IR I = V/R R = V/I Answers to Practice Problems 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 30 Ω 240 Ω 6V 0.43 A 108 V 2.5 A