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Transcript
Which bulb will light? Explain your choice on your paper. What is a circuit? • If you want electricity–you need a circuit. And, if you want a circuit you ALWAYS need two things: a power supply and a conductor. • Most circuits also have an electrical device and a switch. What is a circuit? • Power Supply: (Battery) “Pump”- adds energy to electrons in the atoms of the wire • Conductor: (Wire)- The material where all the atoms and electrons are located. • Electrical Device: (Light Bulb)- Uses electricity to perform a function Open Circuit (“Off”) • If the switch is open, there is no force directing electrons down the path, so they just keep orbiting the nucleus, or they drift around randomly. Electricity can't flow at times like this. Closed Circuit (“On”) • If the switch is closed, and all parts of the circuit are connected, electricity can flow. • Electrons are "pushed" through the circuit by the power supply adding energy to the electrons. • We call that "push" voltage–that's why electrical power is measured in volts! Circuit Diagram battery _ + bulb In a closed circuit, current flows around the loop Closed Circuit (“On”) Simple Circuits • Series circuit –All in a row –1 path for electricity –1 light goes out and the circuit is broken Simple Circuits • Parallel circuit –Many paths for electricity –1 light goes out and the others stay on Series and Parallel Circuits • Series Circuits – only one end of each component is connected – e.g. Christmas tree lights • Parallel Circuits – both ends of a component are connected – e.g. household lighting