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Components of a SCADA
System
• CENTRAL HOST COMPUTER(CWS OF MCS)
• MAN/MACHINE INTERFACE (MMI,HMI)
• REMOTE TERMINAL/TELEMETRY UNIT(RTU)
• COMMUNICATION MEDIA(MUX/LAN/WAN)
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Components contd.
One or more field data interface devices usually called
Remote Stations, Remote Terminal Units (RTUs), or
Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs), which interface to field
sensing devices and local control switchboxes and valve
actuators.
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A communications system used to transfer data between
field data interface devices and control units and the computers
in the SCADA central host. The system can be radio, telephone,
cable, satellite, and so on, or any combination of these.
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A central host computer server or servers (sometimes
called a SCADA Center, master control station, master terminal
unit, or MTU).
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A communications system to support the use of operator
workstations that may be geographically remote from the central
host computer.
A collection of standard and/or custom software [sometimes
called Human Machine Interface (HMI) software or Man
Machine Interface (MMI) software] systems used to provide the
SCADA central host and operator terminal application, support
the communications system, and monitor and control remotely
located field data interface devices.
Generic SCADA system network
FIELD DATA INTERFACE
DEVICES
• The most common devices like
PT,DPT,TT,density, flow meter,level,position
transmitter,MOV and pump status etc forms the
eyes and ears of SCADA.
• The PCV-FCV/MOV/PUMP operations from
MCS forms the hands of SCADA.
• The filed information data interface for SMCS is
RTU(Remote Terminal Unit) .
• Communication media.
REMOTE
TELEMETRY/TERMINAL
UNIT
• RTUs are primarily used to convert electronic signals
received from (or required by) field devices into (or from)
the language (known as the communication protocol) used
to transmit the data over a communication channel.
• RTUs appear in the field as a box in a switchboard with
electrical signal wires running to field devices and a cable
link to a communication channel interface, such as optical
fiber panel or radio.
REMOTE
TELEMETRY/TERMINAL
UNIT
• RTUs are primarily used to convert electronic signals
received from (or required by) field devices into (or from)
the language (known as the communication protocol) used
to transmit the data over a communication channel.
• RTUs appear in the field as a box in a switchboard with
electrical signal wires running to field devices and a cable
link to a communication channel interface, such as optical
fiber panel or radio.
CPU module :
This module is used to store the logic and
configuration of the particular SV station .
Analog Input Card :
This card receives the analog data ( pressure ,
temperature etc ) from the field in the Form of
current varies from 4 – 20mA.
Digital Input Card :
This card receives the digital data ( MOVs status, PUMP
status etc) from the field in the form of Voltage signal.
Digital Output Card :
This card receives the data which are generated by the
Operators when they give commands for MOVs status,
PUMP status etc. And passes it to the field in the form of
Voltage signal.
Analog Output Card :
This card receives the data which are generated by the
Operators when they give commands for maintaining
the certain pressure, flow etc. in the pipeline. And passes
it to the field in the form of Current varies from 4 – 20mA.
Programmable coprocessor Module(PCM) :
BRM/BTM module :
This card receives the data from the
1. Analog cards in the form of current
and converts it into the counts,
passes it to the required terminal.
2. Digital cards in the form of signal and
Passes it to the corresponding device.
This module is used for transferring or
receiving the data between Two modules
through a bus .
FIELD DATA COMMUNICATION
SYSTEM
The field data communications system is intended to provide the means
by which data can be transferred between the central host computer
servers and the field-based RTUs.
Communication channel capacity.
• Telephone voice channel nominal band 0.3-3.1KHz having bandwidth
3.1 KHz
• Radio channel that occupies the spectrum from 929.88875 to 929.8875
MHz has a channel bandwidth of 12.5 kHz.
• Data radio, telephone line, satellite link, Optical fibre etc.
With digital transmission, the term bandwidth has been extended to
include the data transmission rate in bits per second (bps).
Common Communications Media
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The following communications media are common:
Licensed radio links (UHF and VHF)
Unlicensed "spread spectrum" radio links
Public switched telephone networks
Mobile telephony
Microwave
Cable TV networks
Dedicated satellite links
Dedicated cable, including fiber optics (for very short distance
communication)
Corporate WAN computer communications systems
Selection
The remoteness of the field equipment site
The required reliability of the communications media (primarily
determined by the perceived operational importance of the remote
site)
Availability of communications options
Cost of each option for the particular application
Availability of power (power company, battery, solar, or other)
Looped WAN configuration
Communications Protocols (DNP,MODBUS etc.)
Communications protocols define the method by which data is
transmitted along a communication link. As long as the
transmitting device follows a predefined set of rules for sending
the data, the device at the receiving end is able to unravel the signal
into meaningful data. For example, a protocol will define
information such as the length of time that each data packet is sent,
the size of the signal, and the required destination for the data.
The Central Host Computer
The central host computer or master station is most often a single
computer or a network of computer servers that provide a manmachine operator interface to the SCADA system. The computers
process the information received from and sent to the RTU sites
and present it to human operators in a form that the operators can
work with. Operator terminals are connected to the central host
computer by a computer network so that the viewing screens and
associated data can be displayed for the operators. Recent SCADA
systems are able to offer high resolution computer graphics to
display a graphical user interface and MIMIC for operator.
Software Product
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Central host computer operating system
Operator terminal operating system
Central host computer application
Operator terminal application
Communications protocol drivers
Communications network management
software
• RTU automation software
The 4 Remote Workstations (Mumbai,Washala,Manmad,Manglya)
Will have the Similar configuration as that of MMI’s
Except Mumbai RWS which has only Single Monitor.
These RWS systems are connected to Control room with Cisco 1721
routers at the Remote end and Cisco 3640 router as the
Master Router in the Mumbai Control room
In this Project GPS Timeserver is used for Time Synchronization
In this Project FoxFobro C50 Rtus and GE-Fanuc 90-70 PLCs/Rtus are used
The SCADA servers will communicate with these PLCs/RTUs by
making use of DNP 3.0 Protocol.
COMMISSIONING OF NEW SCADA FOR MUMBAI-MANGLYA
• The Manmad MCS and remote work station with its associated
hardware and software of FOXSCADA for Mumabi-Manmad were
removed and the new ECSCADA system was installed for the entire
Mumbai-Manglya pipeline.
• The MASTER CONTROL STATION (MCS) concept was shifted from
Manmad to Mumbai control room.
• The existing 14 nos.FOXBORO C-50 RTU between Mumbai-Manmad
were interfaced with new ECSCADA on DNP 3.0
• 21 Nos. new GE-FANUC 90-70 series new RTU with DNP 3.0
interface is provided in extension project.
• Mumbai , Washala ,Manmad, Javekheda,Julwania and Manglya each
will have 1 no. new GE-FANUC RTU.
• Sectionalising valve cum Cathodic protection & Repeater station
(SV/CP/RP)-13 Nos. & Sectionalising valve cum Repeater station
(SV/RP)-2 Nos. from Manmad to Manglya- Total 15 Nos. new GEFANUC RTU .
3A. SCADA Master Control Station (SMCS ) is located at
MDT.
• Remote Work Station connectivity 256 kbps – Washala.
• Remote Work Station connectivity 256 kbps – Manmad.
• Remote Work Station connectivity 256 kbps – Manglya.
• Pipeline In charge connectivity 64 kbps – Mumbai.
3B. Future Remote work station connectivity with 256 kbps
high speed link
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Julwania.
CH# 48 Kilometers from Mumbai.
Sinnar (SV11) with CH# 179.33 kilometers.
Future pumping stations at 151.075 kilometer from Manmad.
Future pumping stations at 278.0 kilometer from Manmad.
The MMI workstations used in the project are built around Dual
Intel XEON processor with 1 GHz frequency, with WINDOWS 2000
Operating system with Dual LAN capability.All the MMI’s will have
Dual Monitor Facility.
LAN 1
Dual LAN
LAN 2
The 3 MMI WORKSTATIONS (MMI1,MMI2,MMI3) are directly
Connected to LAN through LAN Switches(CISCO 2950 switches) directly.
NETWORK COMPONENTS
1.Cisco 2950 ( LAN Switches)
2.Cisco 3640 Router( Master Router)
3.Cisco 1721 Router ( RWS router)
4.Terminal Servers
1.Cisco 2950 ( LAN Switches) : Two numbers of LAN Switches are used in this
project for establishing Dual LAN Network.
2.Cisco 3640 Router( Master Router): The Main Functionality of this Router is to
establish WAN Connectivity with the Remote Workstations
3.Cisco 1721 Router ( RWS router) : Each RWS is equipped with one Cisco 1721
Router which is connected to the master Router . The communication is through
V35 Interface
4.Terminal Servers : The Terminal Servers will act as Data ports to which all the
Rtus are connected. In this project total 4 Nos of Terminal Servers are used .
Each Terminal servers will have 16 ports . In this set up two Terminal Servers
are connected to One LAN and another 2 will be connected to other LAN.
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
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Batch tracking
Batch scheduling
Leak detection
Leak location
Shut in leak detection
Pipeline efficiency
BENEFITS OF SCADA/APPS SYSTEM
SCADA
• Overall monitoring and control is possible
from any workstation viz.
• Historical and real time data functions help in
analyzing the process for the improvement of
overall pipeline efficiency.
• Redundant workstation and sub databases
ensure reliability of the system during fail
over of any component.
BENEFITS OF SCADA/APPS SYSTEM
continue
Remote operation of PCV of any
location is possible from any work
station helps in operation for the
maximum efficiency of the pipeline.
Remote operation of MOV of any
location is possible which helps in
shutting down to safe guard in case of
emergency.
Emergency shut down procedure at one
touch of command.
THANK YOU
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