Download NYSERDA Project 10470 - Real-Time Applications of

Planning the CREZ 345 kV
System for Multi-contingencies
CREZ Technical Conference
January 26, 2010
Bernie Pasternack
AEP Service Corporation
1


The build out of the CREZ 345 kV system
will have enormous impacts on the
planning and operation of ERCOT’s bulk
transmission system.
The required level of reliability will be
greater than past expectations.


Impact of system failures
Variability of transmission loading patterns
2
Agenda





TPL-001-1 Overview
Performance Requirements
Raising the Bar for EHV
Other Notable Changes
Summary
3
TPL-001-1
Drafting Team Roster








John Odom, FRCC (Chair)
Bob Millard, RFC
Darrin Church, TVA
Bill Harm, PJM
Doug Hohlbaugh, FirstEnergy
(Vice Chair)
Julius Horvath, Wind Energy TX
Bob Jones, Southern
Brian Keel, SRP









Ron Mazur, Manitoba Hydro
Tom Mielnik, MidAmerican
Bernie Pasternack, AEP
Bob Pierce, Duke
Chifong Thomas, PG&E
Jim Useldinger, KCPL
Dana Walters, National Grid
Active observers
NERC Staff Coordinator – Ed
Dobrowolski
4
Project Scope

Standards Involved







TPL-001-0.1
TPL-002-0a
TPL-003-0
TPL-004-0
TPL-005-0
TPL-006-0.1
(NERC A, No Contingency)
(NERC B, Single Contingency)
(NERC C, Multiple Contingency)
(NERC D, Extreme Contingency)
(RRO Regional and Interregional Studies)
(RRO Data, Reports, as requested by NERC)
Applicable Entities Involved



Planning Authority (Planning Coordinator)
Transmission Planner
Regional Reliability Organization
NERC Website Project 2006-02
http://www.nerc.com/filez/standards/Assess-Transmission-Future-Needs.html
5
Project Scope
Create a new standard that:
1.
Has clear, enforceable requirements
2.
Is not a Least Common Denominator
standard
3.
Addresses the issues raised in the SAR
and issues raised by FERC and others
6
FERC Order 693 Inputs
FERC is looking for a clearer Standard that “raises
the bar” on reliability
 Consider a full range of variables to identify
critical system conditions
 Ensure simulations replicate real-time
expectations
 Should not allow for firm load shedding or
curtailment of firm transfers in response to
single contingencies
7
Project Status

Draft 5 authorized by Standards Committee for
30 day pre-ballot pool period


NERC Website Project 2006-02
January 20, 2010 through February 19, 2010
Plan to ballot in early Q1 2010



10 day ballot period
Need to achieve quorum (75% of Registered Ballot Body)
Approval requires 2/3 approval from ballot body
http://www.nerc.com/filez/standards/Assess-Transmission-Future-Needs.html
8
Table 1
Performance Requirements
Planning Events








P0:
P1:
P2:
P3:
P4:
P5:
P6:
P7:
Normal System
Single Contingency
Single Contingency [higher impact]
Generator + 1
Stuck Breaker
Protection System Failure
Overlapping contingencies [Non-gens, Two P1 Events]
Common Structure [2 circuits]
•Simulate the removal of all elements that Protection Systems and other
controls are expected to automatically disconnect for each event.
•Require Corrective Action Plans for inability to meet performance
requirements
9
Table 1
Performance Requirements
Planning Events,
Table Components (Columns)







Category (P0, P1, … P7)
Initial system condition
Event
Fault Type (3-phase or Single Line to Ground)
BES Level (EHV or HV)
Interruption of Firm Transmission Service Allowed
Non-Consequential Load Loss Allowed
Consequential Load Loss: All Load that is no longer served by
the Transmission System as a result of Transmission Facilities
being removed from service by a Protection System operation
designed to isolate the fault.
Non-Consequential Load Loss: Non-Interruptible Load loss
that does not include: (1) Consequential Load Loss, (2) the
response of voltage sensitive Load, or (3) Load that is
disconnected from the System by end-user equipment.
10
Table 1 – Performance
If the event analyzed involves BES
Requirements
elements at multiple System voltage
Planning Events, Table
levels, the lowest System voltage level
for stated performance criteria applies
regarding allowances for interruptions
of Firm Transmission Service and loss
of Non-Consequential Load
11
TPL-001-1
EHV Performance

Areas where “bar was raised” for EHV



Single contingency (P2-2 & P2-3)
Stuck Breaker (P4)
Protection System Failure (P5)
12
Raising the EHV Bar



WHY ?
EHV is the backbone of the transmission
system; it must be the strongest link
EHV failures lead to major blackouts
Even if probability is low, impact is high
13
AEP’s Perspective

Eastern AEP (PJM) EHV system planned to a
higher standard






Contingencies are surrogates
Normal ratings for single contingencies
N-2 instead of N-1-1
Superimpose heavy transfers
Multiple generators plus single or dbl circuit lines
Result is a robust system with flexibility to
accommodate unforeseen conditions
14
TPL-001-1
Other Relevant Changes





Near term Off-peak steady state and stability studies
specifically required
Specific consideration of spare equipment strategy
Explicit requirement to do near term short circuit
analysis, meet performance requirements, and define
corrective actions
Specific requirement to assess proposed generation in
long term horizon
Requires consideration of outages and performance
deficiencies on neighbors’ systems
15
TPL-001-1
Contingency Analysis Clarity


Simulate removal of all elements that Protection
and other automatic controls are expected to
disconnect
Consider impact of successful or unsuccessful
high speed reclosing


High speed reclosing is closing within one second
Generator low voltage ride through


Trip unit in simulation if voltage is less than ride
through voltage limitations
Ride-through can be known or assumed
16
Summary


Build out of the CREZ 345 kV system will
require a higher level of reliability
New TPL Standard raises the bar,
particularly for EHV


FERC is a driver
Must protect the backbone of the grid
17
Summary


Simulation of contingencies must replicate
actions of Protection Systems and controls
New TPL standard will produce a more
robust and flexible system
18
Questions ?
19