* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Document
Survey
Document related concepts
Pulse-width modulation wikipedia , lookup
History of electric power transmission wikipedia , lookup
Power engineering wikipedia , lookup
Electrification wikipedia , lookup
Voltage optimisation wikipedia , lookup
Commutator (electric) wikipedia , lookup
Mains electricity wikipedia , lookup
Electric machine wikipedia , lookup
Alternating current wikipedia , lookup
Brushed DC electric motor wikipedia , lookup
Electric motor wikipedia , lookup
Stepper motor wikipedia , lookup
Variable-frequency drive wikipedia , lookup
Brushless DC electric motor wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
PowerPoint® Presentation Chapter 4 Three-Phase Motors Three-Phase Motor Construction • Operating Principles • Motor Load and Torque • Motor Power • Motor Efficiency Chapter 4 — Three-Phase Motors The stator consists of a core and windings and is enclosed within a housing. Chapter 4 — Three-Phase Motors Many individual laminated sheets are pressed together into the housing, becoming the stator frame. Chapter 4 — Three-Phase Motors A 3-phase stator is wound with coils that are connected to produce the three separate phases, A, B, and C. Chapter 4 — Three-Phase Motors During motor manufacture, an insulating material called slot paper is first laid in the slot to provide protection and electrical insulation. Chapter 4 — Three-Phase Motors Varnish is sanded from the bore to allow for a minimal air gap between the stator and rotor. Chapter 4 — Three-Phase Motors Feet are attached to the housing to provide a method of mounting the motor to a base. Chapter 4 — Three-Phase Motors The rotor core consists of many thin iron sheets laminated together. Chapter 4 — Three-Phase Motors The end of the shaft is machined with a keyway to contain a bar-type key. Chapter 4 — Three-Phase Motors It takes 720 electrical degrees, or two electrical cycles, to complete one revolution in a 4-pole motor. Chapter 4 — Three-Phase Motors Inductive reactance increases with increasing frequency and decreases with decreasing frequency. Chapter 4 — Three-Phase Motors The sine curves at 0 degrees show –5 A for phase A, +10 A for phase B, and –5 A for phase C. The + and – signs indicate the direction of the current and the numbers represent the magnitude of the current. Chapter 4 — Three-Phase Motors The motor nameplate typically has a wiring diagram depicting the proper wiring connections for the desired operation. Chapter 4 — Three-Phase Motors In a wye-connected, 3-phase motor, one end of each of the three phase windings is internally connected to the other phase windings. The remaining end of each phase is then brought out externally to form T1, T2, and T3. Chapter 4 — Three-Phase Motors As the current changes, the stator poles move to follow the strongest current. Chapter 4 — Three-Phase Motors In a delta-connected, 3-phase motor, each phase is wired end-toend to form a completely closed circuit. At each point where the phases are connected, leads are brought out externally to form T1, T2, and T3. Chapter 4 — Three-Phase Motors As the current changes, the stator poles move to follow the strongest current. Chapter 4 — Three-Phase Motors Each phase coil (A, B, and C) is divided into two equal parts and the coils are connected in a standard wye connection. Chapter 4 — Three-Phase Motors Each phase coil (A, B, and C) is divided into two equal parts and the coils are connected in a standard delta connection. Chapter 4 — Three-Phase Motors Manufacturers of dualvoltage, 3-phase motors sometimes do not make the internal connections. The internally unconnected motors have 12 leads coming out of the motor box labeled T10, T11, and T12. The connections are made externally by the installer. Chapter 4 — Three-Phase Motors The direction of rotation of 3-phase motors can be reversed by interchanging any two of the 3-phase power lines to the motor. Chapter 4 — Three-Phase Motors Motor power is rated in horsepower or watts. Chapter 4 — Three-Phase Motors The four most common types of torque related to motors are locked-rotor torque, full-load torque, pull-up torque, and breakdown torque. Chapter 4 — Three-Phase Motors The torque-speed characteristic of a motor must match the load the motor is to drive. Chapter 4 — Three-Phase Motors Constant-horsepower motors are used to drive loads that require the same horsepower output at different speeds. Chapter 4 — Three-Phase Motors Constant-torque motors are used to drive loads that require a constant torque output at different speeds. Chapter 4 — Three-Phase Motors Variable-torque, multiplespeed motors are used to drive fans, pumps, and blowers that require an increase in both torque and horsepower when speed is increased. Chapter 4 — Three-Phase Motors True power can be produced only when current and voltage are both are positive or both negative. Chapter 4 — Three-Phase Motors For circuits with mixed inductive and resistive components, the current lags the voltage by a value between 0° and 90°. Chapter 4 — Three-Phase Motors Power factor correction capacitors can be placed ahead of an electric motor drive in the AC supply lines but not between the drive and motor. Chapter 4 — Three-Phase Motors The five major components of motor energy losses are resistance losses, core losses, bearing losses, windage losses, and sound losses. These losses add up to the total loss of a motor.