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Gross Anatomical study of Crude Drugs Datura Leaf Gross Anatomical study of Crude Drugs Datura Leaf Objectives On completion of this period you would be able to know the • Biological source • Histology • Constituents and • Uses of Datura Can You Identify this Plant? Fig:1 1. Can we use this plant as medicinal plant? Ans: Yes/ No 2. Which part of the plant is used as a medicinal agent? Ans: Flowering tops and leaves 3. How do you confirm that this plant is Datura? Ans: By leaves , flowers and fruits 4. Are there any other methods to confirm the genuinity of crude drug? Ans: Yes . By histological study Datura Biological source : Dried leaves and flowering tops of Datura metel Family : Solanaceae A transverse section of Datura leaf shows Upper Epidermis Mesophyll Lower Epidermis Fig :3 Lamina : Dorsiventral Upper Epidermis : • Straight walls • 600 to 1100 cells/ sq.mm • Single layered • rectangular Fig :4 Stomata : Cruciferous or anisocytic (unequal celled) Fig :5 Trichomes : Covering Trichomes Uniseriate Multicellular Warty Blunt tip Glandular Trichomes Unicellular stalk Head 2-4 celled Fig : 6 Mesophyll Palisade : • Single layered • compact cells • radially elongated • covering 2/5 th of the lamina Fig : 7 Spongy Parenchyma • 6 – 8 layers • Loosely arranged • intercellular spaces • cluster crystals • Microspheroid al crystals • Vascular strands Fig : 8 Lower Epidermis : • Cuticle • Wavy walls 700 – 1250 cells / sq.mm • Single layered • Rectangular • Stomata • Numerous trichomes Fig : 9 Midrib Continuous epidermal cells & presence of Collenchyma at • below upper epidermis • above lower epidermis having thick walled cellulosic cells Fig : 10 Cortical Parenchyma contains • Prisms of calcium oxalate • Microsphenoidal crystals Vascular Bundle • Xylem : Lignified • Phloem: Nonlignified Fig : 11 Chemical constituents Tropane Alkaloids namely • Scopolamine (hyoscine) • Hyocyamine • Atropine Uses • Parasympatholytic • CNS depressant • Mydriatic • Antispasmodic • Gastric and duodenal ulcers QUIZ 1. Which type of stomata present in Datura? Ans: Cruciferous or Anisocytic stomata 2. Whether the palisade parenchyma continuously arranged or not ? Ans: Yes 3. What type of trichomes are present in Datura leaf? Ans: Covering & glandular trichomes 4. Collenchyma is present at--------&--------region Ans: Below upper & above lower epidermis Questions 1. Describe in detail about the histology of Datura leaf with a neat labelled diagram. 2. Write the Botanical source, family, constituents and uses of Datura leaf Thank you