Download Cannabis sativa

Drugs acting on Nervous
System
Cannabis
Objectives
On completion of this period you would be
able to learn about
The monograph of Drugs acting on nervous system
CANNABIS
Known to Unknown
1.
What is the favorite drink of Lord Shiva?
2.
Have you ever heard the term “ Ganjai “?
3.
North Indians on the day of “ Holi “ festival what they
drink?
Bhang
CANNABIS
Syn: Hemp (English) Bhang, Charas (Hindi),Ganjai (Telugu)
• Biological Source :
Dried flowering and fruiting
tops of
Cannabis sativa
Family : Cannabinaceae
• Geographical Source :
Indigenous to India
(Bengal, M.P., Assam and
Maharashtra)
Widely grows in Mexico,
Bangladesh and Pakistan
Fig.35.1 Cannabis plant
Cannabis Fields
Fig.35.2 Cannabis field
Cannabis Fields
Fig.35.3 Cannabis field
Cannabis small plants
Fig.35.4 Cannabis small plants
Cultivation And Collection
• Annual herb and widely grows
• Sowing seeds in June-July and harvested after six
months
• Cultivated for various substances like Narcotic, stem
fibre and drying oil
Cultivation And Collection
• Plants growing in tropical countries like India produce
Narcotic substance
• Plants growing in temperate climate are useful for
production of fibre and oil
• Male plant is not collected because it do not contain
resin matter
Cannabis - Drying
Fig.35.5 Cannabis
Morphological Characters
• Shape : Flattened or cylindrical
mass contains stems, branches,
flowers and fruits stick together by
resin
• Colour : Green to greenish brown
• Odour : Strong & characteristic
• Taste : Slightly bitter taste
Fig.35.6 Cannabis
Chemical Constituents
Major constituents
Resin 15-20%
• Cannabinol
• Tetrahydrocannabinol
• Cannabidiol
• Cannabigerol
• Cannabichromene
Fig.35.7 Cannabis
Chemical Constituents
Minor constituents
• Volatile oil
• Trigonelline
• Choline
• Spermidine
• Flavonoid
• Alkaloid - Cannabisativine
Fig.35.8 Cannabis
Identification Test
Powder
Extract with light Petroleum Ether and filter
Filtrate + few ml of HCl in Ethanol
Red colour at the junction of the two liquids
On shaking upper layer becomes colorless
and lower layer becomes Orange Pink which
disappears on addition of water
Standards
• Ash value
: Not less than15%
• Acid insoluble ash
: Not less than 5%
• Foreign organic matter : Not less than 2%
Uses
Used as
• Narcotic,
• Anti-convulsant,
• Anti-anxiety,
• Anti-tussive,
• Analgesic,
• Stomachic and
• Hypnotic
Cannabis Products
• Bhang: Consists of larger leaves and twigs of both male
and female plants. Contains less amount of resin
• Charas: Consists of crude resin, obtained by rubbing
the flowering tops between the hands, beating them on
cloths or carpets
Green soft mass adheres and resin is scrapped off.
Purified by pressing it through clothes
Cannabis Products
• Ganja: Consists of not more than 10% fruits, leaves and
stems. In India two varieties are available
• Flat or Bombay ganja: Flowering tops and fresh twigs
are collected, arranged in flat heaps and pressed.
Resinous substance from flowering tops stick together
and form flat mass
• Round or Bengal ganja: Every piece of flowering top
is rolled and cylindrical mass formed
Summary
In this class we learnt about
The CNS plant drug CANNABIS
Cannabis is mainly having CNS depressant effects
abused as a Narcotic
Quiz
1. The plant part that is used in Cannabis is
a) Leaves
b) Flowers
c) Flowering tops
d) All the above
Quiz
2. The major constituents present in Cannabis
a) Resin
b) Tannin
c) Balsam
d) None of the above
Frequently Asked Questions
1.
Write the Botanical Source and Uses of Cannabis
2.
Write the Chemical Constituents and Uses of Cannabis
3.
Write the Morphology and Chemical Constituents of
Cannabis