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Biomes of the World Biomes Two types Terrestrial Tundra Desert Rainforest Are determined by Aquatic Freshwater Climate Marine which determines the local Plant community Grassland Deciduous Forest which determines the local Taiga Animal community Biomes and climate • Climate depends on many factors: – latitude, – precipitation, – elevation, – topography, and – distance from large bodies of water. Biomes and climate • Scientists divide the planet into climate regions called biomes. • Earth has six main land biomes: deserts, grasslands/Savanna, temperate deciduous forests, rainforests, taiga/coniferous forest, and tundras. • 2 main Aquatic Biomes: Marine and Freshwater • Each biome has a unique set of plants and animals that thrive in its climate. Biomes and climate • Each biome has a unique set of plants and animals that thrive in its climate. • The Serengeti is home to thousands of predators species and 1.6 million herbivores. Biomes and climate • Humidity is related to plant and animal diversity. • From the poles to the equator, humidity and the diversity of plants and animal increases. Plants and animals in biomes • A biome consists of plant and animal communities. • The plants and animals in a community survive in a shared environment. • They have adaptations that make them a successful specie in the biome. Tundra • High northern latitudes • Not much rain • Cold harsh winters and short cold summer • Permafrost-frozen soil • Main plants : mosses short grasses— no trees • Animals—polar bears, wolves, hares Taiga/Coniferous Forest • Mid to high latitudes • Cold winters/cool summers • About 20 inches of rain • Thin poor soil • Plants—conifers(pines etc) • Animals—lynx, reptiles, birds, rodents Prairie Grasslands • Mid latitudes • 10-30 inches of rain • Cool Winters/hot summer • Plants- long grasses, scattered small shrubs and trees • Animals: large herbivores buffalo, insects, prairie dogs Deciduous Forest • Mid latitudes • 30-50 inches of rain • 4 Seasons • Very rich topsoil • Plants– trees that lose leaves—oak, maple • Animals—wolves, deer, small mammals, reptiles Desert • Mid latitudes • Less than 10 inches of rain • Generally hot days and cool nights • Poor soil • Plants: cacti, small shrubs • Animals: snakes, reptiles, camels, birds Savanna • Mid latitudes/ Africa • Wet and Dry season • 10-30 inches of rain • Plants—long grasses and sparse trees near water holes • Animals: Elephants, Lions, and Zebras Tropical Rainforest • Near equator • Hot year round • 89-100inches of rain • Poor soil • Greatest diversity of animals and plants • Plants: orchids, ferns large trees • Animals: elephants, monkeys, snakes, frogs, parrots