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CHAPTER 12
STRUCTURE & TRANSPORT IN
FLOWERING PLANTS
• Flowering plants are the most advanced type of plants.
© Edco 2007
Exploring Science
Biology
CHAPTER 12
STRUCTURE & TRANSPORT IN
FLOWERING PLANTS
The main functions of the parts of a flowering plant are as
follows:
• Roots anchor the plant and take in water and
minerals.
• Stems support and transport materials to the upper
parts of the plant.
• Leaves make food, exchange gases and allow water
to pass out.
• Buds are future growth points.
• Flowers produce seeds for reproduction.
© Edco 2007
Exploring Science
Biology
CHAPTER 12
STRUCTURE & TRANSPORT IN
FLOWERING PLANTS
• Transpiration is the loss of water from a plant.
• Most transpiration takes place through openings called
stomata on the underside of leaves.
• The flow of water from the roots to the stems and into
the leaves is called the transpiration stream.
© Edco 2007
Exploring Science
Biology
CHAPTER 12
STRUCTURE & TRANSPORT IN
FLOWERING PLANTS
• To show the path of water
through a plant:
– Place a piece of celery
in coloured water.
– Observe the path
taken by the coloured
water as it rises through
the plant.
© Edco 2007
Exploring Science
Biology
CHAPTER 12
STRUCTURE & TRANSPORT IN
FLOWERING PLANTS
• To show that water passes from the roots up through
the stem and out of the leaves:
– Place the roots of a young plant in water.
– Cover the water with a layer of oil.
– Note that the level of water goes down over time.
© Edco 2007
Exploring Science
Biology
CHAPTER 12
STRUCTURE & TRANSPORT IN
FLOWERING PLANTS
• To show that water evaporates
from the surface of a leaf by
transpiration:
– Cover a well-watered
pot plant with a plastic bag.
– Test the droplets of liquid
with cobalt chloride paper
(blue if dry, pink if water is
present).
© Edco 2007
Exploring Science
Biology
CHAPTER 12
STRUCTURE & TRANSPORT IN
FLOWERING PLANTS
• Minerals enter a plant dissolved in water.
• Minerals pass around the plant dissolved in water.
• Food is transported from the leaves to the other growth
areas in a system of tubes.
(H/L)
• Xylem transports water and minerals from the roots to
the rest of the plant.
• Phloem transports food from the leaves to the rest of
the plant.
© Edco 2007
Exploring Science
Biology