Download Определение тяжелых металлов методом то

Snow is an indicator of the
ecological state of the
environment
The purpose of the project and its
main tasks
The purpose of the project: determination of the
presence of plumbum and ferrum in the samples of soil
and snow taken on the streets of the district Sipaylovo
Snow
Air
Emissions
Transport
Soil
Ground water
Surface
water and
bottom residues
Wastes
Industrial
enterprises
People and
animals
Devices and materials
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samples of snow and soil
chemical glasses on 50 ml
pH-meter
siluphol plate
the funnel and filters
n – butanol
distilled water
acetic acid
sprinklers with solutions of reagents
solution of potassium iodide
solution of hexacyanoferrate (II) potassium
aqueous solutions of the iron (III) chloride and
plumbum acetate (II).
Scientific data and observations
The content of heavy metals in the snow.
Object of research
Height of the spots of the analyte in the
chromatogram
Snow (Gagarina st.)
Snow (Marshal Zhukov st.)
Snow (Naberezhnaya st.)
Snow (Natalia Kovshova st.)
Pb2+
Fe3+
0,5
1,6
Traces
1,0
-
Traces
Traces
0,5
Scientific data and observations
The content of heavy metals in the soil
Object of research
Height of the spots of the analyte in the
chromatogram
Soil (Gagarina st.)
Soil (Marshal Zhukov st.)
Soil (Naberezhnaya st.)
Soil (Natalia Kovshova st.)
Pb2+
Fe3+
3
4,3
1,8
3
-
Traces
0,4
0,9
Conclusions
The list of plants able to actively clean the air from harmful
substances:
 Linden and maple have the most
gas absorbed ability;
 absorbers of sulphur dioxide:
poplar, ash, Russian elm, linden
broad-leaved, white willow;
 absorbers of oxidized nitrogen:
apple common;
 absorbers of plumbum:
the horse-chestnut, linden spikenard,
black poplar;
 absorbers radioactivity:
cranberries, the oaks.
 In the zone of weak periodic
gas contamination a large
quantity of harmful
substances are absorbed by
the leaves of the poplars,
ash, lilac, linden, in less
degree the leaves of the elmtree, cherry, maple.
The results of the research
Analysis of samples of snow indicated the presence of
ions of plumbum. The content of plumbum in soil is
higher than in the snow. It is explained by the fact that
the soil is deposited heavy metals, because they are
absorbed by soil humus with the formation of insoluble
compounds. But snow in the same time accumulates
pollutants during the all season.
The content of plumbum depends on the intensity of
car traffic, so on Gagarin street in rush hour 1000 1500 different cars rides up, on the street of Natalia
Kovshova the traffic is intensive (300 - 600 cars).
Conclusions
 Recently the intensity of pollution by heavy metals has sharply grown, primarily
lead. Firstly it is lead due to emissions of gases of motor vehicles. To change the
situation for the better, in our opinion, it is necessary in nearest time to ban the
production of leaded gasoline.
 To reduce environmental pollution and solving the problem of free circulation of
lead, it is necessary to regulate the system of collection and recycling of
secondary lead raw materials (primarily accumulators) by the way of
establishment of specialized regional organizations. It is important to ensure
pollution control in the regions of concentration of transport and industrial users
of lead-contained equipment.
 With a low degree of contamination of lead various chemical and biological
techniques can be used as the cultivation of plants able to accumulate lead in
large quantities.
DON’T DO IT!
They say, we have
the problems with
ecological situation.