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“Don’t make me read, make me understand “
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Plant Parts and their
Functions
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Life Cycles of Plants
• Annual-a plant that completes its life cycle in
one year
• Biennial-a plant that completes its life cycle in
two years
• Perennial-a plant that lives more than two
years
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Leaf Retention
• Deciduous-loses leaves during the dormant
season
• Evergreen-keeps leaves and remains green
year-round
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Moisture in Plants
• Turgid-plant is swollen or filled with moisture
• Wilted-plant is limp because it does not have
enough moisture
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Plant Parts
•
•
•
•
Leaves
Stems
Roots
Flowers
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Leaves-External
• Petiole-leaf stalk or part that connects the leaf
to the stem
• Blade-the large, flat part of the leaf
• Midrib-the large center vein
• Veins-the structural framework of the leaf
• Margin-the edge of the leaf
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Leaves-External
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Leaves-Internal
• Upper and lower epidermis-skin of the leaf
that prevents the loss of too much moisture
• Stomates-small openings under the leaf for
breathing or transpiration
• Guard Cells-open and close stomates
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Leaves-Internal
• Chloroplasts-small green particles that contain
chlorophyll
– gives leaves their green color
– necessary for photosynthesis
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Leaves-Internal
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Leaves-Internal
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Stems-External
• Lenticels-breathing pores
• Bud scale scars-show where terminal buds
have been located
• Leaf Scars-show where leaves were
attached
• Terminal bud-bud on the end of a stem
• Axillary or lateral bud-bud on side of stem
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Stems-Internal
• Xylem-tissue that transports water and
nutrients up from the roots to stems and
leaves
• Phloem-tissue that transports food down from
leaves to roots
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Stems-Internal
Phloem
Phloem
Xylem
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Stems-Internal
• Cambium-thin, green, actively growing tissue
located between bark and wood and produces
all new stem cells
• Bark-old inactive phloem
• Heartwood-old inactive xylem
• Sapwood-new active xylem
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Stems-Internal
Bark
Cambium
Sapwood
Heartwood
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Stems-Internal
• Monocota-plant stems have vascular bundles
that contain both xylem and phloem in each
bundle
– examples: corn, grasses
• Dicata-plant stems have the phloem layer and
xylem layer separated by cambium
– example: trees
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Roots-External
• Root cap-indicates growth of new cells
• Root hairs-absorb moisture (water) and
minerals
Root images
from a rice
plant
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Roots-Internal
• Much like stems in that they have a phloem,
cambium, and xylem layer
• Phloem-the outer layer that carries food down
the root
• Xylem-the inner layer that carries water and
minerals up to the stem
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Layers of Roots
• Fibrous-many branched shallow roots
– are easier to transplant
• Tap-long root with few branched ones
– more difficult to transplant
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Flowers
• Sepals-Green parts that cover and protect
flower bud before it opens
• Petals-are really leaves that are modified to
attract insects for flower pollination, the
pretty part that we call flowers
• Stamen-male part of the flower
• Pistil-female part of the flower
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What are the functions
of these plant parts?
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Functions of Leaves
• Photosynthesis-manufactures food in green
plants which is the beginning of the food
chain for all living things
• Photosynthesis is the process by which carbon
dioxide and water in the presence of light are
converted to sugar and oxygen
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Functions of Stems
• Translocation-moves water and minerals from
roots up to the leaves and move food from the
leaves down to the roots
• Supports branches, leaves, flowers, fruits and
seeds
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Functions of Roots
• Absorption-take water and nutrients from the
soil and conduct them to the stem
• Anchor the plant and hold it upright
• Store food for plant use
• Asexual reproduction in some plants
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Functions of Flowers
• Produce seeds used for sexual reproduction
• Attract insects for pollination (Pollination is
the transfer of pollen from anther to stigma.)
• Produce fruit to protect, nourish and carry
seeds
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Thanks
Submitted by
Astha
Delhi
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If you also want to share your own or your kid’s
presentation(ppt) please send it on
[email protected]
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“Don’t make me read, make me understand “
www.makemegenius.com– Full of ingredients to make your child a genius.
Copyright of www.makemegenius.com, for more videos ,visit us.