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Tornadic thunderstorm Dodge City, Kansas May 7, 2002 • Large cumulonimbus anvil stretches from Missouri into eastern Kansas • Cumulonimbus anvil seen in central & southeast Kansas • Cumulonimbus anvil seen in west central Texas Updrafts indicate cloud formation • Clouds move in from the northwest • Cumuluscongestus clouds form in parts of Kansas and Oklahoma Trough moves in from the west • Pool of cold air associated with closed low in Washington • 40-50 knot wind seen over Kansas and Oklahoma • Deep layer shear over Kansas and Oklahoma favorable Trough propagates south eastward • Trough axis extends from Idaho through parts of Nevada and California • 45-50 knots over Oklahoma and Kansas indicate supercellular shear Explosive cape in Norman, OK • Veering of the winds indicate warm advection from surface to 500 mb • Shear vector in hodograph veers with height • Hodograph indicates splitting supercells where left mover is suppressed Hodograph at Topeka, KS • Strong veering of the winds from surface to 500 mb indicates warm advection • Shear vector on the hodograph veers with height • Right mover of splitting supercells explode Radar for Oklahoma & Kansas • Thunderstorm splits in southeastern Kansas • Right mover intensifies • Left mover slightly weakens • Thunderstorm in central Kansas weakens slightly More radar for Oklahoma & Kansas • Thunderstorm explodes in southeastern Oklahoma • Another exploding thunderstorm in central Oklahoma • Deep red indicates heavy downpour of rain Subjective analysis of the surface • East of dryline, dark green indicates dewpoints > 70 deg C • Low pressure in Texas panhandle where a dryline, warm front, and stationary front extend from