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Chapter 12 Notes The sky looks blue because of scattering. • The direct transfer of electrometric waves is called convection. • A form of precipitation in which rain freezes a it falls through the air is sleet. • Hailstones form only in the type of clouds called cumulonimbus. • On the Fahrenheit scale, the freezing point of water is 32. • Clouds form when air is cooled to the dew point. • The upward movement of warm air and the downward movement of cool air is called a convection current. • You compare the readings of a wet-bulb and dry-bulb thermometers to measure relative humidity. • Wind direction is measured with a wind vane. • In the Northern Hemisphere, global winds that blow from the southwest to the northeast are called prevailing westerlies. • Ultraviolet radiation can cause skin cancer. • The most common kind of precipitation is rain. • Temperature is the average amount of energy of motion of each molecule of a substance. • All winds are caused by differences in air pressure. • The three main types of clouds are cumulus, cirrus, and stratus. • The part of sunlight with the longest wavelength is infrared radiation. • Cirrus clouds are made mostly of ice crystals. • A wind blowing toward the north is called a south wind. • Monsoons are caused by unequal heating of sea and land.